The purpose of the didactic game “What’s extra”
The goal is to develop the skill of classifying objects according to key features, visual analysis and generalization.
Tasks:
- improving the ability to classify;
- expanding your horizons and ideas about the world around you;
- fostering cognitive interest;
- enrichment of individual vocabulary;
- improving visual perception;
- development of memory, intelligence, ability to think figuratively and logically.
“This mysterious space” (lesson for children of the preparatory group)
Integration of educational areas: “Cognition” (formation of a holistic picture of the world), “Communication”, “Socialization”, “Music”.
Types of children's activities: playful, productive, communicative, cognitive and research.
Goal: Expanding and systematizing basic knowledge about space as an integral part of the Earth.
Objectives: To reinforce the concepts of “space” and “outer space” in children.
The ability to explain what the “Solar System”, “star”, “planet” is.
Develop phonemic awareness and syllabic reading skills.
Develop children's logical thinking (analysis and synthesis); the ability to classify and combine objects according to some basic, essential characteristic.
Develop memory.
Learn to answer specific questions clearly and concisely.
Foster a sense of purpose, camaraderie, comfort and self-confidence.
Planned results: knows how to maintain a conversation, expresses his point of view; has self-service skills, actively and kindly interacts with the teacher and peers in solving gaming and cognitive problems.
Preliminary work: reading and looking at books, illustrations about space and astronauts, memorizing poetry, drawing a rocket, space technology, planets, visiting the space room, a model of the solar system, role-playing games, a model of “Seasons”.
Materials: Cut-out pictures with a space plot, an exhibition of books about space, photographs of astronauts, emblems (color symbols), cards with words, a model of the solar system, a model of a rocket.
Contents of organized children's activities
Progress of the lesson
1. Our activity today is not quite ordinary. So that you understand what we are going to talk about today, please look at the table.
(There are cut pictures on the table.)
Game "Collect the picture"
Let's divide you into two groups and try to collect pictures.
(The teacher prepares pictures that depict objects or a plot related to the topic of the lesson. A sheet of colored paper is glued to the back of each picture, then each picture “shirt” has its own color. Then the pictures are cut into fragments so that the number of fragments coincides with number of children. Fragments of pictures are laid out on the table face up.
When all the pictures are collected, the children look at them and make guesses about the topic of the lesson.)
- What do you think we will talk about today?
- How did you guess?
That's right, well done!
2. Exhibition of books about space, photographs of astronauts.
The mysterious world of stars and planets has attracted the attention of people since ancient times. But it became closer and more accessible only with the penetration of man into space. Every year in April, our country celebrates Cosmonautics Day.
- Who can tell me why?
- What was the name of the first person to fly into space?
(Find and show Gagarin’s portrait.)
There is a monument to him in Moscow, it is located on Yu.A. Square. Gagarin. And it looks like a silver rocket flying into space.
- But before people were launched into space, who was the first to go there?
- Why were animals launched into space first?
Not only men, but also women have been in space.
- What was the name of the first woman astronaut? (show her photo).
- What other astronauts do you know, name them?
- What do you think an astronaut should be like?
To become such, astronauts have to train a lot on the ground.
There is a special space training center for astronauts.
- Who can tell me what it's called?
- Where is?
3. Emblems (with symbols of space technology).
Guys! Would you like to become an astronaut?
This is why we will now take a training course and see which of you can become a real astronaut. For today I will become your instructor and conduct several training exercises. So! Since you will be astronauts today, let's choose one emblem with the color you like.
4. Assignments.
1. I will say a word, you must repeat it and explain its meaning:
(fame cards)
spacesuit cosmodrome star
centrifuge lunar rover astronaut.
2. You have already said what a centrifuge is and what it is needed for...
(swivel chair).
I would like to invite you to take a "centrifuge" test. But you should not only feel the effect of rapid spinning, but also hear what I will say.
Game "Fourth wheel"
Your task is to hear and name a word that does not relate to space:
Gagarin, Titov, Pushkin, Leonov, lunar rover, satellite, rocket, helicopter, meteorite, kite, star, comet, globe, Moon, Sun, Venus.
- Prove why?
3. We said that astronauts are strong, brave, smart people...
For all this, they must not only train, but also eat well.
(tray with various foods and tubes).
- Tell me, why is some food on the plate in sliced form, while others are in tubes?
(Children sit at the table, in front of each child there are 2 “tubes.”)
Each of you has 2 tubes on the table: white and yellow. On one of the tubes there is a drawing and an inscription, and on the other there is an encrypted word that must be read.
a) Take a “tube” with a picture. Look at what is drawn on it and read what word is written next to it (an apple is drawn, it is written: puree)
- What does this mean? (applesauce)
b) On the second tube we read the encrypted word:
5. Physical exercise
The sound "u" is an airplane.
Well done! We trained physically and found out what they can eat in space. Now we can make space flight. A rocket is waiting for us.
(Rocket model.)
- What can astronauts do in space?
(The sound of a rocket taking off is heard.)
6. Go to the space room.
- Guys, why is it so dark in space?
Dark Space Experience
(Book by O.V. Dybin “The Unknown is Nearby” p. 111.)
Now we know why space is so dark.
- But what do we see through the darkness of space?
- What is the Sun?
- What are stars made of?
- Why do we need the Sun?
Our star - the Sun - has its own family. (model of the solar system)
- What does the Sun family consist of?
- How many are there?
- What are planets made of?
Experiment “Let's see if the Sun imparts heat equally to its planets”
(Book “The Unknown is Nearby” p. 166.)
- So which planet receives the most solar heat?
- And on what planet there is never sun and it is very cold there? Why?
- Which planet is made of red dust and rocks?
- Which one is considered the largest?
- What can you say about this planet?
- Find and show the planet we live on.
- Why is there life on planet Earth?
Our space flight has come to an end. The time has come for us to return to Earth.
7. Summary.
Today you completed all the tasks very well. And it’s possible that after our lesson, some of you will want to become an astronaut. But to become a real astronaut:
- What do you think needs to be done?
- And if you meet someone in space, what can you tell about our planet Earth?
- What is she like?
Our lesson has come to an end. Thank you all very much. Select the circle with the color you like again. Take it as a souvenir of our lesson today.
Didactic game “Extra object”
To play, you need cards depicting 4 objects, one of which differs from the others in one or more key ways. The teacher invites the students to look at the images, name each object and its purpose, then point to the 4th extra object. It is important that the preschooler explains in detail why he chose this particular object. For example, the card shows an apple, a peach, a tomato, and an orange. The child chooses a tomato, explains that it is a vegetable, and the rest of the images are fruits.
Do not rush the student, give him time to think and give a competent and detailed answer. The subject of the images can be anything, as long as it corresponds to the child’s age knowledge. For children 3–4 years old, the preferred themes are “Toys”, “Animal World”, “Flora World”, “Seasons”, “Household Items”. For preschoolers 5–6 years old, you can prepare cards “Musical Instruments”, “Garden and Vegetable Garden”, “Mathematics and Geometry”, “Transport”, “Furniture”.
The game can be organized in the form of solving riddles. The teacher lays out 4 images in front of the student, then asks a riddle about the extra object. The child, having guessed the riddle, finds out which of the presented objects is the odd one out, then reasons why this is so.
Verbal and didactic games on the topic “Space” for older preschoolers
Verbal and didactic games on the lexical topic “Space” for kindergarten
Author: Elena Vyacheslavovna Skryabina, teacher at MBDOU d/s No. 91 in Arkhangelsk I offer a selection of games on the lexical topic “Space”; this material will be useful to teachers of preschool institutions and parents. Goal: Activation of the dictionary on the topic “Space”. Objectives: To train children in the use of simple common and complex sentences, coordinating words in gender, number and case. Learn to justify your answers. Expand and activate children's vocabulary on a lexical topic. Exercise in the formation of the plural form of nouns and adjectives. Develop perception, memory, logical thinking. Materials: 2 sets of cards with different images of rockets for the games: “Find a Pair” and “Describe the Rocket”, cards for the game “Odd Four”, cardboard stars covered with shiny paper.
Game "Find a Pair"
Children are given one set of rockets and asked to find the same one, then the teacher asks them to justify their choice. If necessary, the teacher takes his set of rockets and answers first, showing the children what the answer should be. (These missiles are the same because they have: triangular bodies, two round windows, a trapezoid at the base of the missiles...)
"Describe the rocket"
Children are given one set of rockets and asked to remember the details of the rocket; after a while, the teacher asks them to turn over the cards. The child must describe his rocket from memory.
"The fourth is odd!"
The teacher shows a set of cards and invites the children to make a reasonable conclusion: which card is extra and why.
The main thing in this game is the ability to justify your answer. I’ll tell you about the following games using the word “star” as an example; similarly, you can play them with other space-themed words.
"Most most…"
Children take one star at a time and take turns choosing epithets. (My star is the most... bright, shiny, small, light, distant, etc.)
"Many stars in the sky"
Children take one star at a time and make up a sentence based on the teacher’s model, spreading it with their own epithet. (I have one bright star, and there are many bright stars in the sky.)
"Pick up a word"
The children each have one star and the teacher asks them to choose a related word for the word “star”. If children find it difficult, leading phrases are allowed: a person who counts the stars is an astronomer, a spaceship flying to the stars is a starship, a cluster of stars in the sky is a constellation, the moment when the stars “fall” is a starfall, a sky with many stars? is starry , a sky in which there are no stars? - starless There is a big star, and there is a small one - an asterisk. The presented games can be used in class or in your free time to reinforce the material you have learned.
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