Conversation on the topic: “Road Safety”
Consultation for parents
“How to develop safe behavior skills on the street”
One of the main reasons for road accidents with children is that children in their behavior on the street are guided by observations of the actions of adults in similar situations. Unfortunately, this action is not always correct. How to teach children to behave safely on the street? Just warnings like “be careful” will not help matters significantly. Daily training of the child’s movements and attention is necessary, combined with the constant personal example of the parents. Only in this case can children develop solid skills for safe behavior on the street.
Observation skill. The child must learn to see objects that block the view of the roadway as dangerous objects or hiding danger. To do this, he needs to repeatedly show these objects from the sidewalk when they hide, are about to hide, or have just hidden a moving car. In the same way, the child must learn to see distractions as danger signals. Such a factor could be a bus stopping on the opposite side of the street. Rushing towards it, people often fall under the wheels of passing cars. The reason is that their attention at this moment is switched only to their bus.
The skill of calm, fairly confident behavior on the street is developed through the personal example of parents. This skill is very important for a child, so an adult, walking down the street with his son or daughter, should not give in to excitement or haste, no matter what circumstances force him to do so.
The skill of switching to the street. The curbstone of the sidewalk is the boundary beyond which the habits that operate in everyday life end. It is necessary to teach the child to notice this boundary: to slow down, stop, and take the necessary pause for psychological switching in connection with the transition to the danger zone. And here the example of parents is crucial.
The skill of switching to self-control. Once on the roadway, the child must monitor his behavior and correctly assess the road situation. Developing such a skill requires some training under the guidance of a teacher and parents.
How should adults behave when outdoors with a child? If you are holding a child, be careful: he is blocking your view of the street. You cannot carry a child on a sled on or near the road. Such “transport”, as is known, easily tips over. When traveling in a taxi, it is necessary that passengers with children sit in the back seat - as prescribed by the Traffic Rules. Also take into account the possibility of sudden braking and protect your child from injury. When disembarking, adults must leave first and receive children. The bus is approaching the stop. Until the bus stops moving completely, you should not approach it; a child (like an adult) can trip and get run over, especially if there are a lot of passengers at the stop. The stopping zone is a dangerous place for a child. The fact is that a standing bus reduces the view of the Road in this area, both for drivers of passing cars and for pedestrians. In addition, pedestrians here are often in a hurry and a child can be pushed onto the roadway. Even an experienced driver cannot always avoid sudden braking in an emergency situation. Therefore, when traveling on public transport, you must ensure that the child is in a stable position. You need to be especially careful near the driver’s cabin and when preparing to exit. Adults are always the first to get off the bus, trolleybus, or tram and receive the child. If you let children go ahead, they can break free from your arms and run out onto the road, and a small child, walking on steps designed for an adult, can fall. When walking down the street hand in hand with a child, do not forget that the child may try to break free. This is a common cause of childhood road injuries. Teach children to observe. It is from the age of two to seven, while he is on the street next to you, that it is best to instill in him the skills mentioned above. Use every occasion of being on the street with your child to teach him to see and guess typical road “traps”. When crossing the street, let him also observe, and not just trust you. Otherwise, the baby will get used to walking across the street without looking. Do not allow your child to run ahead of you at the end of the crossing. This reinforces the same habit of moving along the street without observing the traffic situation. If your child wears glasses, he can only see well in front of him, and on the street, so-called peripheral vision plays an important role. Since it remains weakened, special care must be taken to teach the child to correctly assess the speed of approaching traffic, to recognize typical situations of obstructed vision and distraction. When walking down the street with a child, do not rush on the roadway, run across the road to the bus, talk about strangers while crossing, move at a red traffic light or make a prohibiting gesture from a traffic controller.
MBDOU Kindergarten No. 12, Khodz village, Koshekhablsky district, Republic of Adygea.
Goal: Intensifying the activities of children in the senior group to teach the rules of safe behavior on the roads and the prevention of children's road traffic injuries. Expanding children's knowledge about the rules of behavior on the road in winter and the ability to apply the acquired knowledge about traffic rules in games and in everyday life. Combining the efforts of educators and parents to familiarize children with the rules of the road and their observance in life. Development of visual materials that have a developmental and cognitive impact on older children. Objectives: To generalize and expand children's knowledge about traffic rules in winter. To develop the psychophysiological qualities of the child, ensuring his safety in the process of road traffic. Foster patriotic feelings for your hometown. Instill responsibility for the safety of your life and the lives of other people. Reinforce the need to comply with traffic rules.
Progress of the conversation. Pinocchio arrives. Hello guys! And today I managed to visit the school of pedestrian sciences. They told me what to do to save my life.
Rule #1. Where on the roads can you cross the road? Do you know? That's right, you need to follow the traffic rules. Let's remember them all. That's right, you can only cross the road at pedestrian crossings. They are marked with a special “pedestrian crossing” sign. Look here (shows a sign). Guys, do you know what is the safest crossing? This is underground. It is designated like this (shows a sign). Rule #2. If there is no underground crossing, you must use a crossing with a traffic light. Do you know the traffic lights? Right. "Red man" means "stop!" and "green man" means "go!" Rule No. 3. You cannot cross the road at a red light, even if there are no cars. Rule #4. When crossing the road, you should always look both ways. Where should we look first? Yes, first go left, and when you reach the middle of the road, go right. Rule #5. It is safest to cross the road with a group of pedestrians. Even stray dogs who do not know the rules of the road understand this. Under no circumstances should you run out onto the road. You have to stop before the road. Guys, why can’t you run out onto the road? Can you play on the road? Why? Right. Rule #6. You cannot play on the roadway or on the sidewalk. Guys, if your parents have forgotten which side you need to go around a bus, trolleybus and tram, you can remind them that: A bus and a trolley bus at a stop should only be bypassed from behind, and a tram can only be bypassed from the front. Agreed? Well done guys! Remember all the rules. This is cool! But now it’s time for me. I’ll go to the other guys and remind them of the rules. See you soon! “Play and be brave!” Objectives: develop mental abilities and visual perception; learn to correlate the verbal form of description of road signs with their graphic representation; cultivate independence, speed of reaction, and ingenuity. Rules: the image of a road sign is closed only after listening to information about it. The winner is the one who is the first to correctly cover all the images sounded in riddles or poems. *4-6 children participate in the game, in front of whom are laid out tables with images of road signs and blank cards. The principle of the game is lotto. The teacher reads riddles (poems) about road signs, the children cover their images on the table with cards: Hey, driver, be careful! It's impossible to go fast. People know everything in the world - Children walk in this place! (Sign “Children”) * There are road works here - No driving, no walking. It's better for pedestrians to just walk around this place. (Road Works sign) * It has two wheels and a saddle on a frame. There are two pedals at the bottom, you turn them with your feet. He stands in the red circle and talks about the ban. (Sign “No cycling”) * I’m not at all afraid of this zebra on the road If everything around is in order, I’ll set off along the stripes. (Pedestrian crossing sign) * I didn’t wash my hands on the road, I ate fruits and vegetables. I got sick and see a Medical Aid station. (Sign “First aid station”) Game “Think - Guess!” Objectives: to activate the processes of thinking, attention and speech of children; clarify your understanding of transport and traffic rules; cultivate intelligence and resourcefulness. Rules: you must give the correct answer and not shout it out in unison. The one who gets more chips for correct answers wins. Educator. I will ask you questions. Anyone who knows the correct answer should raise their hand. Whoever answers correctly first gets a chip. At the end of the game we will count the chips and reveal the winner.
Questions: - How many wheels does a car have? (4) - How many people can ride on one bike? (1) - Who walks on the sidewalk? (pedestrian) - Who is driving the car? (Driver) - What is the name of the place where two roads intersect? (Intersection) - What is the roadway for? (for traffic) - On which side of the roadway is traffic moving? (On the right) - What can happen if a pedestrian or driver violates traffic rules? (Accident or traffic accident) - What is the top light at the traffic light? (Red) - At what age are children allowed to ride a bicycle on the street? (from 14 years old) - How many signals does a pedestrian traffic light have? (Two) - How many signals does a pedestrian traffic light have? (Three) - What animal does a pedestrian crossing look like? (At the zebra crossing) - How can a pedestrian get into the underground passage? (Down the stairs) - If there is no sidewalk, where can a pedestrian move? (On the side of the road on the left, towards traffic) - Which cars are equipped with special sound and light signals? (Ambulance, fire and police cars) - What is the traffic police inspector holding in his hand? (Rod) - Where should you play so as not to be in danger? (In the yard, on the playground).
