Lesson summary for the preparatory group “Planet Earth”

Lesson summary “Our planet Earth”

Lesson summary on the topic: “Our planet Earth.”

Author: Bystrova V.V. – teacher

Child Development Center "Skazka"

r.p. Red Buckies

2017

Goals:

- To give children an idea that planet Earth is a huge ball, that it is very large, that most of it is covered with water, there are continents - land; there are many living creatures on the planet, they need clean water, clean air, clean land to live; about environmental pollution.

— Develop a responsible attitude towards the environment.

— Cultivate a love for nature and respect for it.

Preparatory work:

Classes and conversations about planet Earth and the surrounding nature; about the place of man in nature; about human interaction with nature; about the need to preserve and protect nature. Reading poems, proverbs, sayings, riddles about nature. Drawing, applique, modeling.

Materials and equipment:

Map, globe, pointer.

Progress of the lesson:

Q: Good morning, dear children,

You are the most beautiful in the world!

D: (they say hello).

Q: Today, guys, we have a very amazing conversation! Sit back, I'll tell you something.

You and I live on a wonderful planet, it’s called...

D: Earth!

Q: Yes, that's right! What is it like, our Earth?

D: Beautiful, blue, big, unusual, etc.

Q: Imagine that you are astronauts flying in a rocket, what does our Earth look like in space?

The children are talking.

Q: Our planet is a huge, enormous ball; it takes many, many days, even months, to go around it.

Showing the globe.

Q: What is there on our planet?

Children's answers.

Q: First of all, there are two poles on our planet. What are their names?

Children's answers.

Q: One is northern, the other is southern. The northern one is on top of the globe, the southern one is below.

What else is there on our planet?

Children's answers.

Q: Most of the earth is covered with water - these are seas and oceans. Have you heard about them? Maybe you know what the seas and oceans are called?

Blue color on the globe represents water. What else is there on our planet?

The children answer.

Q: Among the oceans there are large areas of solid land - continents, land. This is the largest continent - Eurasia. This continent is located in the northern part of the globe, closer to the north pole. Here is another continent - Africa. Do you know anything about Africa?

Children's answers.

Q: Africa is located in the middle of the globe, a little closer to the south pole. Now I will show you a very interesting, long land, consisting of two parts. Both of them are connected by a narrow strip, similar to a thin neck. Does anyone know the name of this continent? This is America, guys. It consists of two parts: the upper one is North America, the lower one is South America. These continents stretch across the globe, from the north pole to the south.

Who knows what is at the poles of the globe?

Both poles are the coldest places on earth. There is no land at the North Pole, there is an ocean there, it is always covered with ice. That’s what it’s called – the Arctic Ocean. The south pole is even colder than the north pole. There is land there - the continent of Antarctica.

The last continent remains. It is the smallest - it is Australia. This continent, like a large island, is surrounded on all sides by the ocean.

Look carefully, guys, at our map, or at the globe. What does the globe look like? What is more on our planet Earth, water or land?

Children's answers

Q: Yes, there is much more water, oceans and seas. Who lives in the seas and oceans? Does anyone live on land? Who?

Children's reasoning

Q: Of course, on all continents there are a lot of living beings: plants grow, large and small animals and people live. Many different peoples live on all continents. Only one landmass is uninhabited - Antarctica. Due to the extreme cold, plants do not grow there, and people do not live there permanently either. Only a few animals live in coastal ocean waters.

Q: If the seas and oceans are depicted in blue, then the land, where it is always covered with snow, is white. Wherever it is not too cold and not too hot, many green plants grow, which is why most of the land is depicted in green.

The middle part of the globe is very hot all year round. Is it hot or cold in Africa?

Children answer

B: Yes, it is very hot there. Africa has many deserts covered with sand, practically no water and very few plants. That's why most of Africa is shaded yellow. The south of North America is also full of deserts.

Now you and I know where the poles are on the globe, where the continents are, and where the water is - oceans and seas. This is how colorful our Earth is!

Physical education minute

Q: Where on Earth do you and I live? Where is our continent, where is the place on it that our village occupies? What is it called?

Children's answers

What is the name of our state?

Our state, Russia, is located on this continent (shows on the map). Our country is large and takes up a lot of space on the map. Who knows what the main city in Russia is called?

Answers

That's right, Moscow, look where it is. And here is our village.

Q: Now, guys, I’ll tell you the most important thing! Our planet Earth is in danger! There are many sore spots on it. This happened because people built many plants and factories, power plants, nuclear power plants. These enterprises pollute the air - it is polluted by the smoke that comes out of the chimneys into the sky, and gases from cars. Waste from factories is discharged into rivers and seas and pollutes them; oil from tankers spills into the waters of the seas and oceans during accidents. This is how our planet Earth is polluted, and from this pollution animals and plants die, people get sick. Nature is dying! Our planet Earth is in danger, it must be saved through common efforts.

How can you and I help our planet?

Children's reasoning

To help, you need to learn to love nature, to love it from childhood. Learn to understand how all living beings live: birds, bugs, animals, flowers, blades of grass. This is done by people called ecologists. Do you want to become little ecologists?

Then you and I will try to preserve and protect nature, help living beings, and do good deeds.

I will now show you two places in our country that need to be saved. Far away in Siberia there is Lake Baikal. This is a very beautiful lake. Now it is polluted. People not only in our country, but also in other countries are thinking about how to save it. Look where it is on the globe. Still far from us in the south of our country there is the Aral Sea. There is another problem with it, the water in it becomes less and less every year, it dries out. Now people are also thinking about how to save him.

Do you think our village is in danger?

Q: The biggest problem in our village is garbage! Yes, guys, you noticed correctly, garbage is everywhere, in the forest, on the banks of springs, rivers, near houses.

Guys, please talk to your parents, what is threatening our village and how can we help it?

Children ask questions

Q: You know, guys, I watched you during our lesson and realized that you were very interested in this topic. I will be glad to go with you on a great journey around our planet Earth, and we will answer your main questions: “Why is our planet Earth called the globe?” and “What to do with garbage?” Goodbye, see you again.

MAGAZINE Preschooler.RF

Astronomy for kids. Lesson 1 Topic: The earth is a ball (how people learned that the earth is like a ball) Purpose: to introduce children to the idea of ​​ancient people about the earth, to prove with examples that the earth is a ball. Equipment: ball, pencil, thick book, maybe a globe. Posters with illustrations. Progress of the lesson. 1 part. The story of what ancient people thought about the earth. Ancient people thought that the earth was a flat cake, and on it were villages, fields, houses, trees. And this cake is covered with the sky on which carnations - stars are nailed. And then people decided that the earth stood on whales, because of earthquakes, which floats in the sea. But the ancient people said: “Whales swim in the ocean, but what does the ocean ride on?” On the ground? In ancient times, people could not move freely on the ground; there was nothing to support them. And that's why they couldn't check it. After many years, people began to travel. And the first travelers were shepherds. At first they traveled with herds, and when they learned to make boats and sail them, they set out on a journey by sea. And in order not to go astray, people looked to the sky. Stars are visible from everywhere and travelers chose the star they would follow. There is a polar star and if you follow it, you will get to the north. If a person walked towards the rising sun, he would end up in the east, and if a person walked towards the setting sun, he would end up in the west. Part 2. Observers - travelers were the first to notice that the earth was convex. Experience: ball and pencil, book and pencil. Hundreds of years later, people built large ships and began to travel the vast oceans. If a ship left one city and headed in one direction, it would return back to that city (i.e. the ship would travel around the world). The globe is our earth reduced many times. Lesson 2 Topic: Journey upward. (what surrounds our earth) Purpose: to introduce the concepts: air, emptiness (space) and their properties. Equipment: attributes for playing travelers, 5 drawings - posters, view from the porthole. Progress of the lesson. Offer to become travelers. Who wants to be an ancient man? Who is the navigator? Who is the traveler? Who is a modern person? Let's imagine that an ancient man, a navigator, traveler and scientist came to visit us. What will they tell us about the earth? An ancient man will tell you what ancient people thought about the earth. The traveler will talk about how he will go and choose his path. The navigator will tell you why he decided that the earth was round. And the scientist, showing the globe, will tell you what it is. Now let’s take a trip up on a rocket, sit in the seats, fasten our seat belts, count - 5 4 3 2 1 start (rocket sound). We attach posters: look out the window 1 km from the ground, look at the houses and trees that have become toys. 2 km - we fly up to the clouds, and suddenly the clouds are hard and we hit them. 3 km - oh, guys, we are among the clouds. How beautiful they are, like huge pieces of cotton wool, and between the clouds the houses and trees are as small as apple seeds. 10 km - clouds below, and between the clouds the ground has gray and green spots, and the sky is dark blue. 40 km - the sky is black, like at night, the day is in full swing, the sun is shining, and stars are visible next to the sun, look down, the whole earth is shrouded in blue haze - this is the blue sky, we pierced it. You and I are far above, and we will talk about our land, now you and I know that there are two skies, one blue - closer to the earth, the other - black, and the stars always burn, only during the day they are blocked by the blue sky, and at night it becomes transparent and invisible; The fact is that the blue sky is the air that we all breathe on earth. The wings of birds and airplanes rest on the air. There is a lot of dust in the air, it is not visible at night and that is why the sky is black. During the day, every speck of dust begins to glow in the rays of the sun - the air becomes cloudy - blue. And we are still flying upward. Through the porthole we see the earth. Our earth is round, like a ball wrapped in a blue film. And we are at such a height that there is no blue sky, and why, there is no air, and in the emptiness we need to wear a spacesuit with air cylinders. In emptiness, as near a fire, on one side the sun (like a fire) burns, and on the other side the black sky cools. There are no birds or planes. The void surrounding our earth is called outer space or simply space. And no matter how much we fly, we will never reach the end, it is endless. Lesson 3 Topic: Visiting the telescope. Goal: to introduce children to magnifying devices, to give the concept of the sun, moon, star - celestial bodies Equipment: magnifying glass, binoculars, posters. Literature: “For kids about stars and planets” by E.P. Levitan 1981 The first cosmonaut Yu. Gagarin, he is wearing a spacesuit. But in order to send a person, it was necessary to first find out what was there. We look through a magnifying glass at our fingers, they have become huge, thick and you can see the wrinkles on the fingers. Sailors and military personnel used special binoculars, through which they can see very well. A microscope was invented for scientists and doctors; through it one can distinguish many living organisms in a drop of water. And to view the sky, people invented a telescope. To do this, they took a pipe the size of a bus and huge magnifying glasses. The telescope magnifies many times, and he lives in a special house - an observatory. Windows open in it and there are such observatories with telescopes high in the mountains. And scientists are observing what is there, on distant stars, on the moon. What did the telescope tell you? The sun, moon and stars are huge balls. The stars seem like dots because they are so far away. All the balls that exist in space are called celestial bodies. They are all different: the sun consists of one fire, if there was a giant larger than the sun, he could pierce the sun through. Stars are like the sun, many of them are larger than the sun. It’s just that the sun is the closest star to us, that’s why it shines and warms. And others are very far away, the light from them is weak and does not warm. The moon is also a ball, stone, hard and cold. The moon is visible because it reflects, like a mirror, the light coming from the sun. The sun will go out, and the moon will also go out. Celestial bodies in space are very far from one another (If our globe is imagined to be the size of cherries, then the moon will be the size of a pea and will be at a distance of one step, and the sun is 200 steps from the earth. It takes 2 weeks to fly to the moon, and to the sun - 15 years). But you won’t be able to reach other stars at all—there won’t be enough life. This is how vast space is - and all this is emptiness. How does the sun hang? Why doesn't the moon fall? We'll find out in the next lesson. Lesson 4 Topic: The force of attraction (on which everything in space rests) Purpose: to form the concept of attraction of the small to the large; Earth to the Sun, Moon to the Earth. Lift the ball and then unclench your hands, the ball will fall to the ground. It must rest on something - lie on the ground, on the water. Just like a ball, everything in the world falls down if it has nothing to hold on to. But in space there is nothing to hold on to, so the Earth attracts everything to itself. It's not just the globe that is so greedy. All objects attract each other, but they have too little strength. So in a room, a closet pulls a table toward itself, and a table pulls a chair. Only they can’t move anything, and the Earth is much larger, so it pulls so hard that it’s noticeable. Let's try to move the cabinet, it is heavy, which means it will be strongly pulled to the ground (game "Light - heavy objects"). And if the Earth stopped attracting everything, then the closet would leave the floor and float around the room like a fish in an aquarium. All objects pull each other, but the strongest attract, so the small falls on the large, the Moon is attracted to the Earth, and who attracts the Earth to itself? Sun! If the Earth stood still, it would fall on the Sun, but it does not fall because it rotates. There is not a single celestial body that stands still, everything flies somewhere, fortunately there is a lot of space! But everything is at a great distance, so it seems that everything is standing still (the plane flies quickly - but on the ground it seems that it flies slowly). The stars are many times further away than the moon, so they appear to be motionless, although they also move. Lesson 5 Topic: Why the sun rises and sets. Why is there winter and summer? Purpose: to introduce the concepts: 1) the movement of the Earth around itself (around an imaginary axis); 2) the movement of the Earth around the Sun. Material: globe, candle. What do you think: could we live without the sun? — The sun shines and warms the earth. Every living thing is trying to sleep and wait out the cold. Everyone needs the sun. Man has always worshiped the sun.

Legend says that the beautiful sun god Helius rides out on four winged horses to illuminate the earth. Previously, people thought that the earth stood still and the Sun and Moon revolved around the Earth.

The concept of the movement of the Earth around its axis (playing carousel with children).

Our Earth moves in the same way, but it moves slowly, we don’t notice, day and night passes while the Earth turns around itself.

The Earth rotates around itself, so there is a cycle of day and night on Earth. What if the Earth didn't rotate? Then one half would be day and the other half would be night.

But we know that the Earth rotates not only around itself, but also around the Sun. It takes the Earth a whole year to run around the sun. When the sun illuminates one side, summer begins there, the turn indicates autumn or spring, and then winter. What helps us find our way at night? This is the Moon.

Lesson 6 Topic: Sunny’s family

Goal: to give concepts about the planets of the solar system and their movement along their roads (orbits).

Our star, the Sun, has a whole family of its children - planets. If you look at the sky at night, you can see flickering dots among the stars; these are planets. Our sun has 9 such planets. Let's play sun's family. There is a sun in the middle, circles around the sun (9). The circle closest to the sun is Mercury. Not large, but the fastest planet, it will revolve around the sun 4 times a year. Mercury is the patron of travelers and trade.

The second planet is the beautiful Venus. To the left of the setting sun a burning star is visible and shines for a long time in the morning. During an earthly year, Venus circles the Sun 2 times.

Each planet has its own path around the Sun.

The third planet is Earth.

The fourth is lazy Mars, in 1 Earth year it travels half a circle around the Sun. He is red, Mars is the god of war.

And then there are the giant planets.

The fifth planet is Jupiter.

The sixth planet is Saturn.

The seventh planet is Uranus.

The eighth planet is Neptune.

The ninth planet, the smallest and coldest, is Pluto.

Not a single planet will ever leave the sun, they are all a friendly family. The family is headed by the Sun, which is why the solar family is called the solar system.

Lesson 7 Topic: Why are the stars so beautiful

Goal: to deepen knowledge about the stars, introduce a new concept - constellation; to activate children's attention to the topic of stories, fairy tales and legends about the stars.

Game: I leave the house, a gnome sits and says: “I flew to the stars with my pilot friends. When we flew up to the clouds, we stopped to tumble on them; they were soft like cotton wool. Then we flew on. We flew to the star, and there it was summer: the trees were green, the flowers were beautiful, butterflies were flying, the birds were singing. Fine. We walked around the star, got tired of it, got on the plane and flew back.” I laughed and told him that he was Dunno.

Why did I call him Dunno after the story about the star?

Planets, like the Moon, reflect light from the sun, and the star is hot, so Dunno could not land on it.

Try going out into the open in the evening and looking at the sky. All stars are different: there are blue, red, yellow, there are single ones and those collected in groups - constellations. Many years ago, people often looked at the sky; the sky replaced their compass, clock, and even calendar. By it they know when spring has come, morning. At night it is very quiet, almost everyone is sleeping, and those who are not sleeping come up with various beautiful legends and fairy tales about the stars.

Legend: Here are 7 bright stars, like a ladle, only the bear’s tail is too big. And people made up a fairy tale.

Once upon a time there lived a king and he had a daughter, Kalista. She was beautiful, eclipsing the goddess Hera with her beauty. She got angry and turned her into a bear. Zeus decided to intercede. He took her by the tail and dragged her to the sky, so the tail turned out to be long.

Bright polar star: Once upon a time there lived 6 beautiful sisters and 7 robbers. The robbers found out about the girls and decided to take them as wives. They grabbed one, and the rest fled. The gods punished the robbers, turned the big bear into 7 stars, and the girl into the polar star.

And the Pleiades, like frightened birds, gathered together and the gods took them to heaven.

There are several other constellations near Ursa Major.

Cassiopeia (5 stars) – to people she reminds people of a girl lying in a bed. Around it there are 3 - Cepheus, Andromeda, Perseus.

Lesson 8 Topic: Earth Address

Goal: to introduce and consolidate the concept of “planet” and their features; repeat the concept of “solar system” and introduce a new concept of “galaxy” and “universe”.

Today we will answer the question: where does the Earth live? Imagine that you are on another planet, and they ask you where you are from. Earth - tell me your address - I hear, I hear, I will answer, although there is no time to talk. I spin and spin without rest day and night. Moreover, I can run around the Sun in a year. My home region is the Solar System, named after the sun that stands in the center. The sun will give warmth and light to everyone, the sun has 9 planets, the fastest one lives closest to the Sun - Mercury, then Venus, Earth, Mars, then the giant planets, and the last one is Pluto. Therefore, he gets the least amount of heat.

We all revolve around the Sun non-stop. Each on its own path - orbit. The shortest is Mercury, and the longest is Pluto, it is 250 years.

Listen Earth, isn’t it boring to be alone?

- And we are not alone, we have companions. I have the Moon, others also have satellites.

Earth, where is your area, solar system in which city?

— In a city called Galaxy, there are an infinite number of districts like mine. Look at the night sky, these are the lights of my city.

Are there many such cities in the world?

- Yes, there are a huge number of such cities and they are all located in a country called the Universe. It has no beginning, no end. People can travel around their own country, but they can’t even mentally fly around mine, it’s so huge.

Do you hear what the Earth, the Universe, answers - it is immense, years will pass and a person will be able to fly. Our address: planet Earth, our star - the Sun, our city - the Galaxy, our country - the Universe.

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Conversation on Earth Day in the preparatory group

Conversation with senior preschool children aged 5-7 years “My Earth is my home.”
Description of the material: I offer you a summary of the conversation “My Earth is my home” for children of the senior and preparatory groups. This material will be useful to physical education instructors, educators, and additional education teachers. The summary of the educational conversation is aimed at clarifying and summarizing the knowledge that planet Earth is our common home, about living and inanimate nature, at leading to the understanding that human life on Earth largely depends on the environment: clean air, water, forest , soil have a beneficial effect on human health and life. Integration of educational areas: “Cognition”, “Physical development”, “Speech development”. Target. The formation of the principles of ecological culture, the formation of a consciously correct attitude towards nature in all its diversity.
Objectives:
educational:
to clarify and generalize children’s knowledge about the objects of living and inanimate nature of the planet Earth.
developing:
develop memory, coherent speech, the ability to answer questions quickly, with a complete and clear answer.
educating:
to cultivate a love for nature, a caring attitude and a desire to take care of it.
Benefits : photographs or slides depicting the planet Earth, cards of living and inanimate nature, riddles about nature and animals, illustrations, didactic games with an environmental focus.
Progress:

Draw the children's attention to what a cozy house the girls have built for their dolls.
FC instructor: Each of you has a place where you feel warm and comfortable, where your favorite toys are waiting for you - this place is your home. Tell us about it. Children: 2-3 people talk about their home. FC instructor: Great. But despite the fact that we all have our own home, we live together in one big house. Have you already guessed what it's called? show photographs or slides depicting planet Earth. FC instructor: Yes, this is our planet - Earth! Our planet is very beautiful, wonderful, and in order for it to always remain that way, we must all take care of it. I just don’t know how we, so small, can take care of such a big planet? Do you know? Children: listen to the expected answers. FC Instructor: Let's take a close look at what colors can be seen on planet Earth. Children: Name the colors of the planet. FC Instructor: What do you think they mean? Children: Blue - rivers, lakes, seas, oceans, green - forests, meadows, brown - mountains. FC Instructor: I suggest you go on a trip right now. Do you agree? Outdoor game "Journey". At the leader’s signal, the children change movement. “River” - they run in a column, one after another; “Mountains” - crawl on low, medium or high all fours; “Lake” - build a small circle in pairs; “Sea” - build a circle in subgroups; “Ocean” is one big circle. At the end of the outdoor game, distribute cards of living and inanimate nature to the children. Instructor FC: Everything that is on planet Earth is called in one word - nature. Nature can be living or non-living. Look at your pictures. Lift up the ones that depict wildlife. Children raise their hand with a card up, which depicts birds, animals, insects and other representatives of wildlife. FC instructor: Why is this nature alive? Children: Name the signs of living nature. FC instructor: Now hold up those cards that, in your opinion, depict inanimate nature? Children raise their hand with a card up, which depicts mountains, rivers, sky and other representatives of inanimate nature. FC instructor: Why is this nature not alive? Children: Name the signs of inanimate nature. Invite the children to place all the cards in the center of the circle and hold hands. FC instructor: Our circle is like our round planet. And pictures are its nature. What do you think will happen to the circle if one of us leaves? Children: If it breaks, it won’t be whole. FC Instructor: That's right! So on our planet, in order for everyone to have a good life, no one should disappear from the planet. Just imagine, if the rivers are polluted, will fish be able to live in such water, and if there are no fish, what will animals and birds eat? Yes, even the smallest bug, which seems like an unnecessary bug to us, can turn out to be very useful. For example, a ladybug feeds on aphids and thereby saves cabbage from pests. And, as you know, cabbage is a vegetable that both people and animals eat with pleasure. Offer to let go of your hands and return to the chairs. FC instructor: Living and inanimate nature cannot do without each other. Don't believe me? But take a look at these illustrations and try to find evidence for this scientific statement yourself. Didactic game "Academic Council". Children, divided into subgroups, look at illustrations from the “Communities of Nature” series and after discussion tell other participants about their discovery. FC instructor: Always remember that nature is a great value! Try to preserve and protect it, and then planet Earth will be a wonderful and amazing home for you, full of incredible discoveries. Enrich the tourists’ corner with riddles about nature, animals, illustrations, and didactic games with an environmental focus.

We recommend watching:

For children about the Earth Day holiday. Leisure time on “Earth Day” in kindergarten. Preparatory group. Scenario Summary of educational conversation for Earth Day. Preparatory group Puppet show for Earth Day in kindergarten

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