Notes on speech development in the middle group “Dangerous objects around us”

Summary of the conversation on the topic “Dangerous objects” (senior group)

Transcript

1 Municipal budgetary preschool educational institution “Kindergarten 13” Summary of the conversation on the topic “Dangerous objects” (senior group) Completed by: teacher Asanova E.S. Sasovo, 2016

2 Goal: to strengthen children’s understanding of life-threatening objects that they encounter in everyday life, their necessity for humans, and the rules for using them. Objectives: Educational: To give an idea about objects that are dangerous to the life and health of children that they encounter in everyday life. Help yourself, draw conclusions about the consequences of careless handling of such items. Activate the names of objects in speech. Developmental: Develop speech, thinking, as well as a sustainable interest in learning about the world around us. Educational: To develop independence, responsibility, and the ability to work in a team. Methodological techniques. Visual: Use of illustrations, examination of dangerous objects for children's health, observation. Verbal: Explanation, conversation, story, solving riddles. Gaming: didactic games. Forms of organizing children in the classroom: frontal, individual. Technical support: easels, magnetic board Demonstration and handouts: pictures of furniture, electronic tablet with the presentation “Riddles” Expected result: to develop the ability to avoid potentially dangerous situations in everyday life, mastering the algorithm of correct actions in the event of a dangerous situation, increasing motivation to maintain one’s health, manifestation of emotional responsiveness, development of free communication with adults and peers, activation of children’s mental activity. Progress of the lesson: Guys, you are already adults. Which one of you did your parents leave at home alone? (Children's answers)

3 If you have already been alone at home, then you need to know the safety rules. What dangers might there be at home? Dangers await us at every step. Now we will try to determine which objects in the house can be considered dangerous. Presentation “Riddles”: They are different: Dumb and sharp, Children and adults. (Scissors) People always use me, Even though my character is cool. Where I need to hit, I will come, After all, my shock work. (Hammer) Thin and nimble, makes friends with thread, flies up and down, sews and sews. (Needle) She gnawed and bit the board, threw crumbs on the floor, but didn’t eat a single piece, you know, the board is tasteless (Saw). Here comes the steamer, back and forth, and behind it is such a smooth surface, not a wrinkle to be seen. (Iron) He swallows indiscriminately. Everything that lies in the way. If there is a lot of dust, litter

4 He trembles all over with joy. (Vacuum cleaner) On the table, in a cap Yes, in a glass bottle A friend has settled in A cheerful light (Table lamp) Look at my barrel, A top is spinning inside me, It doesn’t hit anyone, But it will knock everything down (Mixer) Two neighbors of the wheel Collect votes from each other they themselves pull the belt with the voices. (Tape recorder) Look at me, I’m all full of holes, But I deftly rub your carrots (Grater) I have a sharp, iron blade, Handle with care, I can cut myself (Knife) He puffs like a steam locomotive, It’s important to hold his nose up. He'll make some noise, calm down, and invite the seagull to drink. (Teapot) (Children guess riddles, tell what danger each object is fraught with)

5 Well done guys, you noticed very well all the dangers in objects. Now take a close look at this apartment. (I show an illustration with a drawn apartment in which various household items are located.) Children Sasha and Katya were left in this apartment. Their parents went to work. Let's, guys, tell the kids what items they can't use on their own so that trouble doesn't happen. (Each child takes one of the illustrated pictures and tells the little dolls what the danger of the object is.) Then he hangs the picture in the room where this item is supposed to be located. Guys, let's repeat the safety rules: 1. All sharp, piercing and cutting objects must be put in their place. Order in the house is not only for beauty, but also for safety. 2. Do not turn on electrical appliances; they may cause electric shock or cause a fire. Don't put your finger in the socket. Neither girl nor boy! 3. Never try any medications. Firstly, it is not tasty, and secondly, medicine taken incorrectly can be poisonous. 4. Do not touch household chemicals: washing powders, dishwashing detergents, soda, bleach, cockroach repellents. So that trouble does not happen, as in the poem. Remedy for cockroaches Giants lived in a house, And cockroaches lived in a house. What to do, how to be here? Kill the cockroaches! And the giants bought a remedy against cockroaches, but the cockroaches remained, and there were no more giants. You have to be more careful so as not to poison yourself.

6 5. You can be poisoned by medicines and chemicals, but you can also be poisoned by an invisible poison gas. Gas can be dangerous. Therefore, if you smell gas, follow these rules. Tell the adults about this immediately. You must open the doors and windows immediately. Call “04” Under no circumstances turn on the light or light a match. Turn off the gas in the apartment You need an eye and an eye for gas. Feeling the smell in the apartment, call “04” 6. If you live in a multi-storey building, another danger awaits you. this is a balcony. It is very dangerous to go out on the balcony alone. But if you go out, never play outdoor games, do not jump, do not lean over the balcony railing. If there is something interesting below, it is better to go down the stairs. A man is not a bird, it is more convenient to go down the stairs. Without a parachute, only cats jump from a height. Remember, children, these rules and feel free to stay at home alone, no harm will happen to you!

SUMMARY OF NODE Topic: “IN THE WORLD OF DANGEROUS OBJECTS”

Goal: To introduce children to dangerous objects.

Program content: * Develop the ability to focus children's attention on dangerous objects encountered in life; * Give an idea that dangerous objects can harm the body; * Enrich children's experience in the ability to use various objects for their intended purpose; * Continue to expand and activate children's vocabulary; * Develop attention and logical thinking; * Develop the ability to listen to the teacher and make simple conclusions

Vocabulary work: * Needle; * Scissors; * Pills; * Hammer, pliers.

Demonstration material: * Basket with toys “Dangerous objects” - needle, scissors, tablets, hammer, pliers; * Pictures depicting “Dangerous Objects”; * Red felt-tip pen; * Game character – Piggy.

Handout: * Sheet with images of objects superimposed on each other by contours; * Colour pencils.

Connection to educational areas: Health - maintain a positive attitude towards exercise during physical education. Socialization – To develop the ability to convey the emotional states of people using figurative language. Communication is the use of emotional and verbal communication with peers, guests and educators in the course of organized activities. Physical culture - to cultivate the need for the correct execution of movements, to develop the ability to appreciate their beauty and expressiveness, to derive pleasure and joy from movements. To form ideas about ways to turn to an adult and peer for help in the process of self-service, the ability to express words of gratitude for providing assistance in the process of work. Reading fiction - encourages memorizing short poetic texts. Cognition - begin to develop children's experimentation and research activities. Enrich children's understanding of dangerous objects and their properties.

Methods and techniques: * Game motivation; * Research activities; * Artistic word; * Teacher's story; * Communication game; * Physical education; * Questions.

Progress of the lesson:

Educator: - Oh, guys, look, while we were working out in the gym, someone came to visit us and played with our toys, and for some reason the guest hid from us. Let's look for him.

The children are looking for a guest. The children find Piggy.

Piggy: - Hello, guys! Children: - Hello! Piggy: - I came to visit you. You have so many different toys here. While you were away, I played a little. Educator: - Have you put all the toys back in their place? Let's check it out, guys.

Children check that all toys are in their places. And they sit on chairs at tables where colored pencils are laid out in baskets.

Educator: - Let's check the order in this box. Ay-ay-ay, it seems I injected myself with something? Oh, oh, oh, how it hurts! What did I inject myself with? Children: - With a needle, scissors!

Educator: - Yes, I pricked myself with a needle and scissors. Who put them here? Piggy: - I put them here and hid them. I wanted to help. I wanted to sew a button on your doll, but I didn’t succeed. Educator: - Guys, why do you think Piggy couldn’t sew on a button? Children: - Piggy couldn’t sew on a button because he doesn’t know how to sew. Educator: - Correct. Look, guys, what a sharp thin needle, what big and sharp scissors. You must first learn how to use them. Guys, if something breaks, who do you turn to for help? Children: - To mom, dad, grandparents. Educator: - That's right guys, only adults know how to sew with a needle and use scissors correctly. And you, Piggy, remember that there are objects that can harm your little body. These items are called dangerous. Piggy: - Got it, got it. And I brought you a riddle in pictures, and I think it’s about “Dangerous Objects.”

Piggy hands out sheets of paper with images of objects superimposed on each other with contours.

Educator: - Oh, what an interesting riddle in the picture, and here the riddle is also written, listen guys: I am thin and sharp. And I’ll just inject you. Behind me is a white thread. I will only do business with her. - What is this riddle about? Children: - About the needle. Educator: - That's right guys, about the needle. - Circle and color the answer.

Children color the answer to the “needle” riddle (see Appendix 1).

Educator: - What other objects are drawn here? Children: - Scissors and threads are drawn in the picture. Educator: - Tell me, what are these items? Children: - The needle is very thin and very sharp. — Scissors – metal, sharp. - Wooden threads are used for sewing. Educator: - Well done guys, you told everything correctly. Piggy, did you remember everything? Piggy: - Yes, I remember everything. Thank you guys, how much do you know about “dangerous objects”. Educator: - Let's, guys, check if everything is in order in this basket. Who wants to check?

2-3 children come out and find pills in the basket.

Educator: - Why do we need medicine? Children: - To be treated. Educator: - Is anyone sick here? Children: - No, we are not sick. Piggy: - I took the pills. I was playing with a ball and my back hurt. I would take a pill and everything would go away. Educator: - Do you know what pill you need to take to cure your back? Piggy: - No, I don’t know. Aren't all pills the same? Educator: - Do you guys know what pill to take? Children: - Nooo. Educator: - And if you get sick, who do you turn to for help? Children: - To dad, mom, grandma, grandpa and the doctor. Educator: - That's right, guys, only adults know what medicine to take. - Oh, guys, if Piggy took these pills, what would happen to him? Children: - His tummy would hurt, and he would get poisoned and end up in the hospital. Educator: - Do you hear, Piggy, what the children are telling you. Please remember this rule: never take medicine or try to treat yourself. It is very dangerous! And to prevent your back from hurting, you need to do exercises every morning. Let's guys show Piggy how we do exercises. Physical education lesson: Girls and boys. Girls and boys / hands on the belt Jumping like balls, / rhythmic jumping Foot stomping, / foot stomping Hands clapping, / clapping hands Eyes blinking, / hands on the belt and rhythmically closing the eyes Then they rest. /hands down

Educator: - Guys, let's check if everything is in order in the last basket.

The boys find a broken car.

Educator: - Who broke the machine? Are you boys? Children: - No, not us. Piggy: - I broke the car. Then I wanted to repair it, I took the tools, but I couldn’t do anything. Educator: - Are you going to repair it? Piggy: - With these tools. (Takes out a heavy hammer and pliers). Educator: - Guys, look at what heavy tools Piggy took (3-4 kids try to pick up the tools). — Who can work with such tools, guys? Children: - Only dad and grandfather. Educator: - Correct. Can we say that these are dangerous objects? Children: - Yes. Educator: - What can happen if you take a heavy hammer? Children: - A hammer can fall on a foot and break a finger or nail a toenail, and pliers can crush a finger. It will be very painful. Educator: - Now you understand, Khrushenka, why nothing worked out for you? Piggy: Yes, I understand. Educator: - These instruments are very heavy and dangerous. Piggy: - Guys, I understand everything, now I won’t pick up dangerous objects. Let's play a little! Children: - Let's play, Piggy.

Game “TRAVEL” (children pronounce words and at the same time perform movements). We rode on a horse and reached the corner. We got into the car and filled it with gasoline. We drove by car and reached the river. T-r-r! Stop! Turn! Steamboat on the river. We traveled by steamboat and reached the mountain. It doesn't go by boat, you have to take a plane. The plane is flying, its engine is humming. Oooh. Let's sway slightly, because there are clouds above us. Let's turn right, left and smile at each other.

Educator: - Well done guys. Now let’s remind Khryushenki once again what dangerous objects we found.

Pictures depicting dangerous objects are displayed on the board.

Educator: - Now we will cross it out with a red felt-tip pen so that Piggy remembers the rules better.

Children go to the board and take turns crossing out dangerous objects.

Educator: - Let's shake our finger at Piggy and say: “You can’t take needles, scissors, medicine, and heavy tools. These are very dangerous objects." - Well, guys, it's time to say goodbye to our guest. See you soon, Piggy!!! Piggy: - Goodbye, guys!!! Thank you for teaching me not to harm my health. Children: - Bye, bye, Piggy!!!

Summary of GCD in the middle group on the topic “Dangerous and safe objects”

Description of the material: the summary will be useful for educators working with children of middle preschool age. It is no secret that the age of 4-5 years is called the “age of Why”: during this period, children ask a lot of questions and study objects in the world around them. Therefore, it is necessary to teach children to distinguish between dangerous and safe objects. Goal: to teach children to distinguish between dangerous and safe objects in the world around them. Objectives: 1. develop the ability to analyze riddles and make your own conclusions; 2. practice using simple forms of explanatory speech; 3. consolidate knowledge about dangerous objects; 4. create conditions that encourage independent action; 5. cultivate a desire to help another person in a difficult situation. Materials and equipment: telephone, puppet character Mashenka, screen, Whatman paper, glue, silhouettes of dangerous objects, an envelope with chips, a poster “Rules for handling scissors,” cards with images of dangerous and safe objects. Progress of direct educational activities:

There is a knock on the door. The teacher opens the door and a Mashenka doll appears, holding a book in her hands. Mashenka: - Hello, guys! Educator: - Hello, Mashenka! Mashenka: - Guys, my mother gave me a book with riddles, but I don’t know how to guess them. Can you teach me? Educator: - Guys, let's teach Mashenka to solve riddles? Children: Yes! The teacher takes a book with riddles and begins to read. Educator: There is a white nail hanging under our roof. The sun will rise - the nail will fall. Mashenka: - Nail. Educator: - Guys, what do you think? Children: - Icicle. Educator: - Why did you decide that? Children: - This is an icicle because it looks like a nail, and when the bright sun shines, it can melt and fall. Mashenka: - Ah-ah-ah, now it’s clear how to solve riddles! The teacher asks the following riddle: A pair of sharp, thin legs, without shoes or boots. On your feet - on your head. Why, tell me? Feet walk on paper, cutting everything on the road. Mashenka: - This is a heron. Educator: - Guys, do you agree with Mashenka? Children: - No, because the riddle says that the legs walk on paper and cut it. Educator: - So, what object is talked about in the riddle? Children: - About scissors. Educator: - Mashenka, you need to listen carefully to the riddle and pay attention to every word. Then you will be able to guess the riddles correctly! Listen to another riddle: This is a cramped, cramped house: A hundred sisters are huddled in it. And any of the sisters can flare up. Like a fire! Mashenka: - Matryoshka dolls. Educator: - Guys, what do you think? Children: - These are matches. Educator: - Why do you think so? Children: - Because the matches are in a small box, and if you strike a match on this box, it will light up. Educator: - You see, Mashenka, what a difficult task it is to solve riddles! Don't worry, you will succeed! Come visit us more often and you will solve riddles as well as our guys! Moreover, you have such an interesting book. What is it called? (Reads) “Dangerous objects.” Guys, it turns out that we were guessing riddles about dangerous objects! Educator: - Let's discuss how they can be dangerous? Who is the most attentive, what subject was discussed in the first riddle? Children: - About the icicle. Mashenka: - Why are icicles dangerous? Children: - In the spring, icicles form on the roofs, the sun can melt them, then a large icicle can fall on a person passing by. Educator: - How to avoid this danger? Children: - You need to knock icicles off the roofs, do not walk near buildings. Educator: - What was the second riddle about? Children: - About scissors. Mashenka: - Scissors are a useful object, not a dangerous one! Educator: - That's right, Mashenka, scissors are a very useful item, but they can be dangerous if used incorrectly. Guys, let's tell Mashenka the rules for handling scissors. The teacher posts a memo “Rules for handling scissors”, and the children tell the rules. Educator: - What was the third riddle about? Children: - About matches. Educator: - Guys, why are matches dangerous? Children: - If you play with matches or handle them carelessly, a fire may occur. Educator: - You see, Mashenka, many objects, if used incorrectly, can be dangerous. Children should not pick up matches - it is very dangerous! And scissors can only be used under adult supervision. The teacher invites the children to take one red and one green chip. Educator: - Let's play the game “Dangerous - Safe.” I will show pictures of objects, and you will raise chips. The red chip needs to be raised if the item is dangerous, and the green chip – if the item can be used, it is safe. After the game, the teacher asks the children to once again name those objects that children should not use. Mashenka: - What a great fellow you are, guys! You taught me a lot today. Educator: - Mashenka, so that you remember everything well, the guys can make a poster for you “Caution, dangerous objects!” Really, guys? And you will hang it in your home and study it. Educator: - Guys, there are silhouettes of dangerous objects on the tables. Glue them onto a large sheet of paper and we have a poster. Children stick on silhouettes of objects. The teacher asks the children to count how many objects are on the poster. Educator: - But these are not all the dangerous objects that are in every home. There are many more dangerous items. We'll talk about others next time. Children give a poster to Mashenka.

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SUMMARY OF NODE Topic: “IN THE WORLD OF DANGEROUS OBJECTS”

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