Features of a child with ODD level I, ODD level II. Alalia (organization of RPPS, working methods)
Author: Tatyana Aleksandrovna Korekova , Category: Consultations for teachers · 2/2/2018 12:57:00
Good afternoon, dear teachers. At the first meeting, Olga Valerievna talked about children with disabilities and disabilities. The group of children with disabilities is not homogeneous; it includes children with various developmental disorders, the severity of which may vary. Let us remember what developmental disorders such children have.
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The world of bees as understood by children
I think that there is no child who has not heard about Winnie the Pooh. Very greedy when he tried to steal honey from the hive. Although Winnie is a rogue and the cute kids don't have to follow his example and steal the bees' honey. Bees also have their own world, each of which needs to be known and respected.
All children know that Winnie the Pooh tried to steal honey from a bee's hive, which was at the top of the tree. In fact, this is the place where natural bees living in Europe build their hives. A hollow tree provides a dry, dark place and a roof where bees can build their honeycombs. This way they are protected from sun and rain.
Hollows also provide ventilation, although even the bees do not need this, because they have their own “air conditioning” systems, which are very effective. The entrance is quite small. So it is much easier for the bees to guard the hive to protect it from foreign bees or wasps that want to steal the honey.
Bees need water in the spring to dilute their honey, and in the summer to cool the hive.
The beekeeper (the one who deals with the bees) is called upon to provide these conditions for the bees in wooden hives built by people. However, in these hives the bees have some restrictions but which helps the beekeeper to collect honey without harming the bees.
Reproduction
Natural reproduction of bees is carried out by laying eggs by the queen, and she can lay eggs both after fertilization by a drone, and without it, with the difference that drones appear from unfertilized eggs, and full-fledged individuals from fertilized eggs.
The path from an egg to a full-fledged bee goes through several stages: first, the egg turns into a larva, then into a pre-pupa and a pupa, from which an adult bee is already formed.
When a bee colony reaches a large size, it divides - swarming. Some of the bees remain in the old place with the old queen, and some with the new queen go to build and equip a new hive.
Wasps
Plan
- What does a wasp look like?
- Where do they live?
- Wasp protection?
- Wasp food?
- Benefits of wasps?
The wasp is a flying insect, usually black with yellow stripes. The size of the wasp can reach up to 10 cm. The wasp moves with the help of 4 wings. But there are types of wasps that do not have wings. The insect's abdomen resembles a spindle or a barrel. There are two large eyes on the head. Thanks to its eyes, the wasp can look in different directions at once. There are also small antennae on the wasp's head, which are responsible for the sense of touch and smell.
Wasps can be found almost everywhere. They live close to humans, because... love to eat sweets. Habitat: Russia, Europe, Australia and Africa. Only in the Arctic and the Sahara Desert there are no wasps.
This is one of the dangerous insects for human health. They attack in defense. Thanks to the “waist” between the abdomen and chest, they can sting from any angle. The wasp sting with poison is located at the end of the abdomen. When a threat appears, the wasp uses its jaws. A wasp sting is painful and sometimes dangerous.
Wasps feed on fruit juice, nectar and pollen. They can also feast on other insects (beetles, flies, spiders). Wasps catch insects with a poisonous sting. The poison paralyzes prey. Wasps provide great assistance to nature by destroying insect pests.
Bumblebee
Plan
- What does a bumblebee look like?
- Habitat.
- What does it eat?
- Bumblebee family.
- How long does a bumblebee live?
- The benefits of bumblebees.
A bumblebee is a stinging flying insect. There are about 300 different species. The body of the insect is striped, black and yellow with white, orange and even red flowers. The bumblebee has small and transparent wings, makes up to 400 wing beats per second, and can fly at a speed of 3-4 meters per second. The bumblebee has powerful jaws - mandibles, which it uses to create honeycombs and protect itself. Bumblebees vary in size. The insect's body is covered with thick, dense fibers. A bumblebee has 6 legs and one pair of eyes. With the help of his eyes, he distinguishes various pictures and finds flowers to collect pollen from them.
Where do bumblebees live? Bumblebees live in places where the temperature is predominantly low. They can easily be found in northern latitudes, where only they are able to pollinate local plants. Bumblebees are found on all continents except Antarctica. Sometimes they live on the ground.
Bumblebees feed on nectar or plant juices. The favorite delicacy of bumblebees is clover. They love to sit on bright flowers, although they can even get by with tree sap.
The bumblebee family consists of a queen, working females and males. But they collect little honey. In a bumblebee family there is a distribution of responsibilities. The uterus continues to give birth. Males leave the nest forever after the birth of their offspring. Working bumblebees forage for food and defend the nest.
The lifespan of a bumblebee is only one summer. But the species inhabiting the Amazon River basin can live for several years. The life cycle of a bumblebee family lasts from spring to autumn.
The bumblebee is an essential insect. Only the bumblebee is able to pollinate clover.
Lifespan
The lifespan of a bee directly depends on its place in bee society, as well as the time of birth.
How long does a worker bee live? Her lifespan is not long, and if she was born in spring or summer, it usually averages only a month. Such a short life expectancy is due to the hard work that the worker bee does to obtain nectar.
If a worker bee is lucky enough to be born in the fall, then she can live even six months, since she needs to survive the winter cold in order to be responsible for collecting honey in the spring and take part in its accumulation.
The lifespan of a drone is even shorter than that of a worker bee; two weeks after birth, it already becomes capable of fertilizing the uterus, and what is most interesting is that a few days after this very fertilization, drones usually die. It also happens that with the end of the honey collection period and the onset of winter cold, worker bees at this point drive out the drones that are no longer needed from the hive, after which they also die.
The queen bee lives the longest in the bee community. Typically, the average lifespan of a queen is 5-6 years, but for this she needs to be a valuable female and regularly give birth to new offspring.
Video
And finally, an interesting documentary about bees – “Tales from the Hive”.
Author: Pavel Chaika, editor-in-chief of Poznavaika magazine
When writing the article, I tried to make it as interesting, useful and high-quality as possible. I would be grateful for any feedback and constructive criticism in the form of comments on the article. You can also write your wish/question/suggestion to my email [email protected] or Facebook, with respect, the author.
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How do bees produce and obtain honey?
All children know that bees produce honey. Unfortunately, many children do not know how much bees have to work to produce honey. Even fewer know that the bee is a very smart insect.
Composition and size of the bee colony
A hive has one queen, several hundred male bees called drones, and thousands of infertile female bees called worker bees. The total number of bees in the hive is approximately 80,000. Worker bees do all the work in the hive. Some of them have their own responsibilities: building honeycombs, cleaning and protecting the hive, feeding the queen and drones, their care and feeding the larvae with royal jelly, pollen, honey, building queen cells that lay eggs, cleaning cells, maintaining heat and moisture in the hive, collecting pollen, nectar and water.
What is the life of worker bees like?
A worker bee lives from 4 to 6 weeks. For three weeks after his birth, she lives inside the hive. His first duty is to take care of the larvae, which must feed on the pollen and honey that are taken into the warehouse.
When a worker bee is 12 days old, the glands in her body that produce wax are activated. Beeswax is very important because with it, they build honeycombs. As you can see in the picture, the small ridges are made from hexagons. The question is how to make these bee hexagons so perfect without stitching.
People cannot even draw, let alone build such hexagons without the help of various devices and the calculations are complex. But bees just 12 days old can build the perfect honeycomb. Even do it without the help of any tools.
The bees start building hexagons on the sides and meet in the middle. You may have noticed that all frames are the same height. I wonder how a bee will do this job if even humans cannot. This is one of the many secrets of nature.
The duties of a worker bee do not end there. For three weeks, the bee has the responsibility of distributing royal jelly and pollen in the combs, cleaning the hives and throwing away trash and dead bees. In the last round of these three weeks, they defend the bee hive from enemies. When three weeks have passed and the bees are sufficiently developed, they leave the hive and go to collect pollen and water.
The worker bees become completely tired and die after two or three weeks of work.
During their short life, worker bees work almost non-stop. You need to know that no one teaches bees what to do. They start working as soon as they are born. Think about what it would be like if a newborn got out of bed and would make the bed, wash itself, and take care of other children. This is something that is impossible isn't it? But bees are capable of such things, the result of thousands of years of evolution.
Why and why do bees dance?
Nobody told you that bees dance? Some bees look for a food source outside the hive. After flying all day, finding their own food source, they then take as much royal jelly as they can carry and return to the hive.
There is a lot of royal jelly from this source, but a bee cannot collect it alone, without the help of other bees. All scout bees remember where food sources are and must return quickly and lead other bees from the hive. The bee begins to move to the front of the hive, moving in a figure eight pattern.
The bee returned, shaking its belly in the direction of the hive as many times as necessary to communicate to the other bees the distance to the food source. At the end of the dance, the bees realize where the new food source is, so they rush to leave the hive to collect the necessary pollen.
Lifestyle
Bees are collective insects that live in large families - hives - and have a strict hierarchy and division of labor. The composition of a bee family includes:
- uterus,
- drone,
- worker bee.
In bee society, matriarchy reigns and it is the females who are entirely responsible for ensuring the life of the hive, while the males, also known as drones, exist only to procreate.
The queen bee is the queen of the hive, it is she who is responsible for the reproduction of offspring, she is also the creator of the hive and at first is engaged in its arrangement, until in this matter she is replaced by the worker bees that are born.
The task of male bees, drones, is only one - to fertilize the queen.
The entire economic life of the hive rests with worker bees, female bees incapable of sexual reproduction. They are the ones who hardworkingly collect nectar from flowers, protect the hive in case of danger, arrange its arrangement, transport honey, etc.
Interesting Facts
- There are many myths and legends associated with bees; for example, according to the beliefs of the ancient Egyptians, the soul of the deceased left a person in the form of a bee.
- Even primitive people noticed that bee nests were valuable prey, and as a result they hunted for them. But this was a dangerous and difficult task, since the bees could sting the unlucky honey miner to death.
- In ancient Greece, beekeepers first learned to insert partitions into bee hives and use them to collect excess honey reserves. And the beginning of “scientific beekeeping” was laid by the great philosopher and scientist of antiquity, Aristotle.
- The famous ancient Greek physician Hippocrates wrote a whole scientific treatise on the benefits of honey for human health, and according to legend, a swarm of bees settled on the grave of the famous doctor, producing special healing honey that helps against many diseases.
