Methodological folder “Safety Lessons” for children 4-5 years old

Child safety in kindergarten

Attending kindergarten is the first step in the life of children, when there is a need for responsibility, discipline, and attentive communication not only with parents, but also with the teacher and nanny.

This is a very important period for parents, not only in terms of child development, but also in promoting safe behavior. From the first steps you need to talk to the baby, explaining to him any situation.

The safety of a child’s stay in a preschool institution is ensured by its employees, who strictly comply with the requirements of all current rules and instructions. Together with parents, they help children develop safe communication techniques and adaptation to living conditions in society. An extensive list of rules for safe stay in the garden has been approved. It includes the following elements:

1. A system of access to the territory, “handing over” the child to the appropriate group. Parents should not send their children alone, taking them only to the gate. Notification of the teacher and nanny about arrival is done daily. It is not allowed to leave a child in someone else's group, together with a watchman or watchman. Information about the morning time of arrival at the garden; breakfast is provided upon arrival.
2. Full information about who brings and has the right to pick up the child is clarified upon admission in the prescribed manner. Parents must explain to their children that it is forbidden to leave the kindergarten with anyone (except legal representatives). The kindergarten service stores documents in the form of copies of passports of legal representatives, issued powers of attorney for persons who are allowed to give the child. Sometimes a special pass is issued. Children cannot be given to strangers under 18 years of age.
3. Parents, together with teachers, must explain to their children the rules of games on playgrounds. In sports halls, music halls, and specific group rooms. Teach the rules of storing clothes and the skills of dressing independently.
4. The safety of children is ensured by the implementation of approved fire and electrical safety measures. For this purpose, educational seminars and trainings are regularly held. Each garden has security doors, a panic button, a child evacuation plan, and fire protection equipment. Medical office, special worker to provide first aid until the ambulance arrives. The entire process of familiarization with safe methods is aimed at teaching, protecting, and anticipating any unfavorable situation. From an early age, create a culture of safety for the future adult.

Children's safety in transport

Nowadays it is difficult to imagine a young family living in the city without a personal car. It has long become a necessity, and not an element of “show off” of a luxurious life (although there is such a thing). From early childhood, important children travel with mom and dad in private transport out of town, to the clinic, to the store. Parents are required to ensure their safety by following the approved travel rules and their own precautions (for example, not driving during rush hours or on dangerous sections of the road). To ensure safe travel with children, it is recommended to follow these rules:

1. Children under 12 years of age must travel in special seats designed for the weight and height of the child.
2. Children under 12 years of age are allowed to sit in the front seat if there is a child restraint system.
3. All passengers of personal transport must wear seat belts (regardless of the duration of the trip).
4. The safest seats in the cabin are in the middle and on the right, when it is easy to get out onto the sidewalk.

As the child grows and matures, he will have to be able to use public transport. At the same time, from childhood he should know that he must carefully wait for the transport to come to a complete stop and not go out onto the roadway. And only after that begin boarding without jumping into the departing vehicle:

1. Enter from the sidewalk through the back platform (exit through the front).
2. Let older passengers pass and give them a seat.
3. During the trip, if there are no seats, you must use the handrails and not interfere with the passage of other passengers. Take off the huge backpack and hold it in your hands while moving.
4. When exiting public transport, you must stop on the sidewalk (to the side, not in front of the exit and disturb the next exiting) and determine the location of the nearest crossing (if required). You cannot pass around the vehicle. We must wait for his departure and continue moving along the required route according to all the rules. At this time, the child becomes a “pedestrian”. He must be able to assess the traffic situation in all directions: what the nearest car is doing: standing still, continuing to move. What operating mode is the traffic light in? If at least one condition corresponds to the “prohibited” value, you need to understand that it is dangerous and wait for the road situation to change.
5. It is prohibited to distract the driver, open doors on your own, lean out of open windows, or throw garbage through them.

Children's safety at home

Even in a properly organized home environment, surprises can appear that pose a danger to children. For example, the ability to climb onto a windowsill or go out onto a dangerous balcony. We must try to anticipate the maximum number of dangerous situations and prevent their occurrence. To control them, it is suggested to use the list of “popular” dangerous places at home:

1. Sockets, electrical appliances. They should not be accessible.
2. The stove in the kitchen is considered a particularly attractive place. The kettle is hot, pots should not be placed close to the edges.
3. All sharp corners on furniture must be protected with special pads.
4. Bags (children like to put them on their heads), laces, ropes, belts, and scarves are often tried on around their necks.
5. All chemicals poured into bottles resembling juice, water (vinegar, detergents).
6. Cutting, piercing means. Needles, threads, manicure accessories, buttons, pins.
7. Medicines, matches, lighters.

The time to leave children at home alone always comes in every family. This is determined individually and depends on independence and trust in the child. Gradually taming him to be alone must be done, providing the following safety techniques :

1. In a visible, accessible place (always in the same place) leave the telephone numbers of: parents (work and personal), (closest relatives who can come quickly). Police, ambulance, neighbors. Children now have their own mobile phones early, and they use them well.
2. Check the operation of the gas stove, water, close windows, doors or check safety devices. Leave food for children in cooked form or teach them to use a microwave heating device.
3. Teach children to use the peephole and not to open the door at the first signal on the intercom or door. When a stranger appears at the door, never say that you are alone at home (it is also prohibited to do this on the phone), but quickly contact one of your parents’ phones, your neighbors (or call the police).
4. Explain to children that they are safe behind a closed door. You are not allowed to go onto the site. We must wait for the departure of the stranger standing outside the door.
5. When leaving home in the evening, you must leave the lights on in the rooms.
6. If a child is allowed to go for a walk (age and training in the rules of walking allow it), then the keys to the apartment should not be placed on the neck or belt. To do this, you need to provide a convenient internal pocket with a clasp. Before a walk, a child should be taught to follow the following rule: leave information about where, with whom, for how long he is going, and when he will return home. Indicate a way to quickly contact him.

Children's safety at school

Nowadays, the school has become different in many ways. It is here that children not only study according to approved programs for many subjects, but also receive their first “bruises” from modern life. Difficulties that arise in front of them are often solved independently (and in different and not entirely correct ways). Correct behavior depends on the degree of preparation, knowledge of information related to different situations, which parents must first of all give tactfully and discreetly.

School problems that create an unsafe existence for 10 years can be represented by the following list:

1. The period of elementary school with kids has its own characteristics. They consist of organizing mandatory accompaniment of children and picking them up from school. The child should know that he should not use a stranger’s invitations to take him home or accept a gift. Going alone to unfamiliar places. Tell your teacher, security guard, or call your parents about any difficult moments.
2. More safety problems arise when children start going home and going to school on their own. It’s good to remember the words of the famous song: “If you go on a journey with a friend, the road is more fun,” and not only more fun, but also safer. This is one of the main rules: try not to be alone, inform your parents in time about your route of movement.
3. You cannot linger alone to play in parks, squares, and ravines.
4. Despite enhanced school security measures, situations arise when a stranger enters the school. If children see him in the toilet, they should know to leave immediately. Inform the watchman, teacher. There is a separate toilet for adults.
5. Adult schoolchildren need to be told in detail about the “new” modern dangers: the use of drugs, participation in terrorist acts, theft of children (especially girls), sexual perversions, and careful attention to working on the Internet.
6. At any age, children must report the place and time of classes in sports and other sections. Introduce parents to the coach, clarify the working hours, get the maximum number of telephone numbers (coach, friends). The route for the child's return must be agreed upon and known to the parents.
7. In any attempt to attack a child (he may be pushed into a car), he must be able to defend himself: scream loudly, attracting others. Apply the rules of self-defense (they must be shown at home, in sections).
8. Nowadays situations often arise with evil ridicule, teasing, and conflicts with classmates. During confidential communication, an adult should not fiercely rush to protect his child, but he should not remain silent either. We need to go to school, figure it out, involve the parents of the other side, the class teacher, and resolve the conflict peacefully. But you shouldn’t do this often: the child will be able to solve his problems himself, using advice after a friendly conversation at home. Such cases are inevitable for smart, well-mannered children. They need help.