Pedagogical requirements for organizing holidays in preschool educational institutions
Consultation for educators
Pedagogical requirements for organizing holidays in preschool educational institutions.
The word "vacation"
translated from Latin means a break in classes for relaxation. Children's holidays are a responsibility for adults. Teachers and parents are faced with the task of making every effort to change the activities of children, to provide an opportunity for more active pastime, so that the rest of preschoolers is useful, healthy and safe. Vacations are designed to promote children's health and prevent fatigue. The daily routine is filled with children's active activities, independent games, and musical entertainment. During the cold season, stay outdoors is extended as much as possible. In the warm season, children's whole life is taken out into the open air.
Pedagogical requirements for organizing holidays in kindergarten
. Vacations in the preschool educational institution are held 2 times a year: the first week of January and in the summer months. They coincide in time with the traditional winter and summer holidays at school.
The organization of vacation holidays in kindergarten has its own specifics and is determined by the annual tasks of the preschool educational institution. The content of pedagogical work during this period is aimed at creating optimal conditions for children’s active recreation and increasing the volume of physical activity. Providing measures to improve health, harden the body, increase the efficiency of walking, etc.
During the holidays, organized educational activities are not carried out, with the exception of artistic, aesthetic and physical education activities, but they are also enriched with gaming material and organized in a variety of interesting forms. With thoughtful planning, the program material that children must learn during the holidays can be included in other types and forms of activity that do not require concentrated attention or prolonged static posture. Despite the fact that vacation time is free from direct instruction, it should not be free from reasonable, pedagogically appropriate educational influences on the part of an adult, which are carried out in the process of both organized and independent activities of preschoolers.
Preparing for the holidays
. In order for the holidays to be effective for the child, it is necessary to prepare in advance for them. Preparatory work should begin in advance. Think in advance what material will be needed for the planned forms of children’s activities, determine the degree of adult participation in them. Children themselves can take part in preparing for the holidays. The teacher draws up in advance a rough plan of pedagogical activities for each day of the vacation week, including different types of activities. The development of the plan, as well as its implementation, should not be strictly regulated. If necessary, various changes and additions can be made to the plan, which depend on a number of conditions: weather conditions, the mood and well-being of the children, the preparedness of the teacher and much more, which is sometimes difficult to foresee in advance. However, changes must be pedagogically appropriate.
Vacation planning is determined by differences due to seasonal weather conditions. During the winter holidays
winter sports games and exercises are planned (sledding, skating, skiing, playing hockey, throwing snowballs, snow buildings), walks to the square to see a decorated Christmas tree, etc. In summer -
riding
scooters, bicycles, ball games and jumping ropes, drawing on the asphalt with colored chalk, etc. In winter, when it gets dark early, you can watch TV, and in the summer you can go on an excursion or to the cinema with older preschoolers.
A few days before the holidays, you can have a short conversation with the children. Tell them what they will do, find out their interests and desires, listen to suggestions. It is advisable to have a conversation after the holidays. Find out what the children liked and remembered most. The children’s statements will also help evaluate the work done by the teacher.
When organizing holidays, working with parents is important. In advance at one of the parent meetings or meetings of the parent committee, the teacher tells parents about the purpose of the holidays and their significance, about the content of teaching work. Some activities are discussed with parents (visiting a museum, cinema, walking or skiing, etc.), and their advice and suggestions are listened to.
Contents and methods of work during the holidays.
Particular attention is paid to the rational organization of daily physical activity of preschool children. This is facilitated by daily different types of physical exercise, outdoor and sports games. Once or twice a week it is advisable to carry out physical education, walking and excursions. Walking, along with other forms of physical education, provides sufficient physical activity for all children at the same time, increases the fitness and hardening of the child’s body. Walking can be used instead of physical education. A varied and interesting organization of physical education classes is being thought out, they are enriched with plot and game content. This increases interest in physical education and brings joy to children.
During the holidays, it is advisable to conduct music classes in the form of musical and literary matinees, amateur concerts, musical leisure activities, quizzes, birthdays, and dramatization games with musical accompaniment. In this case, you can combine children into two groups.
Of great interest to preschoolers is mutual visits of different age groups (if there is no quarantine), the so-called “visiting”. Children not only enjoy such visits, but also contribute to the development of friendly relationships and positive contacts.
During the holidays, exhibitions of children's works (drawings, crafts) are organized.
The content of the holidays is not limited to any specific events. Each teacher develops his own plan of work, chooses the most interesting forms, means and methods of carrying it out in accordance with his experience, creativity, and level of preparedness of children. One day is dedicated to a specific topic. The themes of the days can be very diverse.
In addition to events organized directly by the teacher, during the holidays more attention should be paid to independent forms of children's activities. A child, like an adult, has the right to go deeper into himself, to retire, to leave others for a while in his own world in order to solve the problems that he sets for himself. These moments of calm solitude and concentration are of great value, precisely from the point of view of social development of the individual.
To stimulate children's gaming, artistic and other activities, it is necessary to provide a favorable environment: prepare gaming and visual-practical material in advance, for example, attributes for role-playing games, physical exercises, toys, printed board games, illustrated albums, sets of postcards and etc. The group allocates a place for visual arts, put the appropriate material here. On one of the tables you can place natural materials for crafts (pebbles, moss, clay, cones, etc.)
In the process of independent activity, children choose their own activities and realize their plans. However, this does not mean that the child is left to his own devices. The nature of adult leadership changes. The teacher creates conditions that are favorable for the development of children’s independent creative activity and facilitate its development in accordance with their interests and desires. The intervention of an adult requires great tact and is necessary in cases where the children’s activities seem educationally undesirable or, without the help of an adult, the child begins to repeat the same actions, which gradually become boring.
In the course of everyday life in kindergarten, preschoolers may get tired of collective communication, so they need to be given the opportunity for a variety of individual activities and games with a small number of partners (2-3 people), who are united on the basis of common interests and likes. But even here, the teacher must guide children’s activities, deepen children’s positive relationships, develop responsiveness, and enrich them with intellectual and emotional impressions.
Vacations can be interesting provided that the teacher is actively creative, much more than on ordinary days, and that this is one of the interesting forms of organizing the life and activities of children in a preschool institution.
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MAGAZINE Preschooler.RF
“Planning educational activities with children of senior preschool age on the theme of the week “Winter Holidays”Group: senior.
Tasks:
Cognitive development
- Continue to introduce the arithmetic operations of addition and subtraction and their properties, develop computational skills, and introduce a simple arithmetic problem.
- Expand your understanding of shape and geometric figures, their features and general properties.
- Develop the ability to observe, analyze, and identify characteristic, essential features of objects and phenomena.
- To clarify knowledge about seasonal changes in nature (season - Winter).
- To form a cognitive interest in the phenomena of inanimate nature.
Speech development
- Develop dialogical speech, coherent speech, the ability to tell stories sequentially, and answer questions with an extended sentence.
- Contribute to the formation of an emotional attitude towards poetry.
- Develop the ability to maintain a conversation.
- Practice writing creative stories, fairy tales, riddles (using narratives and descriptions).
- Encourage attempts to express your point of view, agreement or disagreement with a friend’s answer.
Social and communicative development
- To develop the ability to seek help from adults, to do feasible work in nature, to shovel snow to the trunks of trees and shrubs; attract birds to feed in winter.
- To develop the ability to evaluate one’s own work and the work of peers, to find various speech means for this.
- Foster independence through organizing the preparation and cleaning of your workplace.
- To promote the development of the ability to observe the rules of safe behavior in various life situations.
- To encourage the use of folklore in speech, to show the importance of the native language in the formation of the foundations of morality.
Artistic and aesthetic development
- In the process of perceiving objects and phenomena, develop mental operations: analysis, comparison, likening (what it looks like).
- To cultivate a sense of aesthetic perception when viewing artists’ reproductions, to develop skills in the means of expression.
- Develop in children the ability to emotionally respond to expressed feelings and moods
- Develop a sense of color, shape, proportions.
- Continue to develop compositional skills in arranging images throughout the sheet
Physical development
- Develop the ability to independently monitor your posture when working at a desk.
- Encourage independent physical activity.
- To promote the translation of motor skills into skills, to develop the quality of skills and the quality of movements.
Methods and techniques:
- Practical: d/i “Guess by the ears” , “Magic envelope” , “Whose traces” , “Guess whose voice” , “Two squirrels” , use of musical works, physical education, “Squirrels” , “Here under the Christmas tree” , “Smile” " , "Walk in winter" , finger gymnastics "Snowflakes" , "We went for a walk in the yard" , "Christmas tree" , game exercise "Who will collect the most garbage faster" , use of problem situations, experimentation.
- Visual: Examination of reproductions, display and examination of a sample, use of ICT technologies (video writing, audio recording of “Bird Voices” ), examination of children’s finished works, observation.
- Verbal: reading riddles, proverbs and sayings, using literary words, questions, encouragement, directions, explanations, stories, reading, conversations, word games “The Cheerful Reporter” .
Materials and equipment:
- Envelope with windows, reproductions of paintings by I.I. Shishkin “Winter” and I.E. Grabar “The Tale of the Rising Sun and Frost” , tape recorder, disc with the music “Dance of the Snowflakes” by Claude Debussy, paper snowflakes, teacher’s sample, toned sheets of A3 paper, gouache in blue, white, red, green, black, palette, brushes No. 9 , No. 4, cotton swabs, jars of water, napkins, a schematic map of the route, cards with animal tracks, images of animals, an audio recording of “Bird Voices” , snow for experiment, cones, pebbles, chestnuts, hoops, magnifying glasses, various containers, molds, ice cubes , sleds, skis, shovels, clubs, disc with music by P.I. Tchaikovsky “The Seasons” , microphone, poems by A.S. Pushkina, S.A. Yesenina, S.Ya. Marshak, video recording, “North Pole” , napkins, glue, glue brushes, blue colored cardboard, salt dough, stacks, cereal for decoration
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Vacation plan in the first junior group
Work plan for the winter holidays from December 22 to December 30, 2022 in the second early age group. Teacher of the group “Squirrel” Tomova L.N.
Purpose of vacation:
reduce the psychological and mental load on the child’s body; organize active recreation for children; development of individual, creative abilities of children.
12/22/2021 Wed. Topic: “Visiting a fairy tale.”
Morning.
– Conversation about the New Year holiday.
— Making riddles about fairy-tale characters.
- Game exercises: “Snowball”, “Game with a rattle”.
— Group work on modeling “Treats for fairy-tale characters.” Goal: to develop in children a positive, caring attitude towards others; learn to work carefully with plasticine.
Evening.
– Theater on flannelgraph. Fairy tale "Zayushkina's hut." Goal: introduce children to a new fairy tale; evoke an emotional response.
— Outdoor game “Who will throw the snowball further.” Goal: to teach the rules of turn in the game, requiring the same actions with one common object.
12/23/2021 THURSDAY. Topic: “Visiting the Christmas tree.”
Morning.
— A surprise moment. A doll appears in the image of the Snow Maiden, who came to the kindergarten from the winter forest from Santa Claus. Purpose: to attract children's attention; arouse interest in what is happening.
— Outdoor game “The little white bunny is sitting.” Goal: teach children to perform movements to the lyrics of the song.
— Didactic game with the “Herringbone” pyramid. Goal: to continue to strengthen in children the ability to establish the relationship between several objects in size.
Evening. —
Game-travel “In the winter fairy forest.” Goal: to develop imagination, pantomime, onomatopoeia; We continue to introduce children to forest animals.
— Preparing for the New Year's party with the music director.
12/24/2021 Fri. Topic: “In the footsteps of Santa Claus.”
Morning.
– Examination of postcards “Residence of Father Frost.”
— Reading the fairy tale “Where Santa Claus Came From.”
- Outdoor game "Santa Claus - Red Nose." Goal: to teach children to run in scattered areas at the teacher’s signal.
— Collective drawing using an unconventional technique “Snow Tale”. Goal: to continue teaching children how to draw with their fingers and palms.
Evening:
— Experimenting “Colored Ice.” Goal: to form children’s knowledge about the properties and quality of water, that water can freeze and turn into ice, and not just ice, but multi-colored ice.
— Breathing exercises “Blowing away snowflakes.” Goal: to form the respiratory apparatus of children.
12/27/2021 Mon. Topic: "Winter - winter."
Morning.
– Conversation “When winter comes.”
— Examination of illustrations of winter landscapes.
— Finger games “Like snow on a hill, snow”, “You and I made a snowball.” Goal: development of fine motor skills of the hands.
Creative holidays as an environment for the development of a creative personality
Novelty of the project
is that it is planned to organize an educational environment (platform) of a practice-oriented nature, active cooperation of students from children's associations from educational organizations based on innovative approaches.
During the implementation of the project the following will be used:
principles of creating temporary creative teams;
new types of techniques and materials for creating art objects;
modern educational technologies (elements of art therapy, design technology, professional tests, ICT).
2. Main part
Statement and justification of the problem
School holidays are students' favorite time. This is a time of rest, and a period of significant expansion of practical experience, creative development of new knowledge, skills, and competencies. This is a time of free communication, but without knowing and understanding many of the laws of human relations, a person will not be able to become a full-fledged member of society, for example, make his professional choice. Who to be and what to be is a problem that is eternal at all times for every person. It is education that helps a person make this choice. The long-term goals of children's associations can help children find the application of their strengths and capabilities and fill the vacuum in the realization of children's interests.
One of such children's associations in Russia is the Association of Children's Creative Associations "Golden Needle". Since 2006, the Golden Needle club has become a full member.
Problem solving: how to form and develop in students a readiness for creativity, self-organization, cooperation, and a healthy lifestyle has since been the focus of the club. Since, in our opinion, only the formation of social skills plus professional skills are a condition for achieving success in life.
At some stage of development, innovative activity becomes an obligatory component of the development of children's communities.
Promising sources of innovation in this area may be:
Partnership and joint projects with other educational organizations as a condition and means of attracting additional resources to the activities of the children's community.
The use of modern educational technologies (design and research activities, modular programs) when creating a collection of clothing models, items of decorative and applied art.
Identifying and offering students interesting topics for creative and project work in the district.
Caring for the health of students in difficult climatic conditions of the region.
New for the community of children's associations will be the environment (platform) as a form for organizing educational and creative activities through workshops, fairs, project defense, exhibitions, professional tests, and competitions. The use of modern educational technologies and resources will be aimed at improving knowledge, skills, personal competencies and healthy habits for maintaining health.
Planning joint activities in the senior group on the theme of the week “New Year holidays”
Menshikova Lyudmila Viktorovna
Planning joint activities in the senior group on the theme of the week “New Year holidays”
from December 26, 2016 to December 30, 2016
Topic of the week : “ New Year holidays ”
.
26.12.16. Monday
Morning:
1. Conversation with children on the topic: “ New Year holidays , what will we do?”
Goal: to summarize children’s understanding of the topic , to develop speech and thinking.
2. Game exercise “Charging Santa Claus”
Goal: to develop creativity in motor activity .
3. Duty: in a corner of nature.
Goal: to promote the desire to care for indoor plants.
4. Examination of cards and conversation about birds on the topic: “Birds of the Perm Territory”
.
Goal: to expand children’s understanding of the wintering birds of the Perm region, to develop the ability to recognize birds by appearance and name them.
5. Drawing “Titmouse and Bullfinch”
.
Goal: to promote the ability to convey the image of a tit and a bullfinch in a drawing, select the appropriate color scheme, and beautifully arrange birds on a sheet of paper.
Walk:
1. Bird watching.
Goal: to create a desire to take care of wintering birds, pour food into the feeders; expand knowledge about wintering birds.
2. P/i “Over the bumps”
Goal: practice jumping on 2 legs.
3. Clearing snow from paths for Santa Claus on the site.
Goal: to promote hard work and communication skills.
4. Outdoor games “The deer has a big house”
.
Goal: to consolidate the ability to correlate movement with text.
5. Independent activities : children playing with snow, sledding, sculpting figures from snow.
Evening:
1. D/i “Make a Christmas tree”
.
Goal: to help consolidate the concept of “top”
,
"middle"
,
"lower"
.
2. Guessing riddles from Santa Claus's envelope.
Goal: to promote the development of logic, ingenuity, and thinking.
3. Reading the poem by A. Stern “Our Christmas Tree”
Goal: to instill in children an interest in works of literature, poetry, teach them to perceive a poem holistically, and retell their favorite passages in their own words.
4.Creative workshop: designing a letter to Santa Claus.
Goal: To form ideas about the work of the postal service and develop creativity. Promote a positive attitude and anticipation of the holiday.
12/27/16 Tuesday
Morning:
1. Conversation with children on the topic “How people congratulate each other on New Year’s Day”
(give gifts, send greeting cards, parcels, letters, etc.).
Goal: to improve knowledge about celebration traditions.
2. D/i “Find the extra object”
on
the topic “Decorating the Christmas tree”
Purpose: To teach children to classify objects based on a given characteristic, independently identify a classification characteristic, and choose an object that does not have these qualities.
3. Applique “Snow Maiden in a beautiful fur coat”
.
Goal: to promote the development of the ability to compose a human figure, correctly conveying the shape of clothing and body parts, observing proportions.
“Yolki” by V. Suteev
.
Purpose: to introduce children to the work and invite them to express their opinion about the story.
Walk:
1.Building from snow: a house for Santa Claus.
Goal: Teach children to build a house out of snow, decorate the building using waste material (tinsel, colored circles, etc.)
2. P/i “Frost, Red Nose”
.
Goal: to develop motor activity of children while walking.
3. P/n “I’ll freeze”
Goal: to develop motor activity, to lift children into a festive mood.
4. Experimentation “Ice-strongman”
Purpose: To draw children's attention to a tightly closed plastic bottle filled to the top with water, invite them to make a proposal about what will happen to the water if it freezes. Offer to conduct an experiment.
Evening:
1. Narration of A. Usachev’s poem “Where does the New Year come from?”
Goal: Continue to introduce children to New Year's works , teach them to reason, and follow the course of reasoning of the author of the poem. Develop imagination.
2. Creative workshop: painting with paints, gouache “Let’s decorate the Christmas tree”
.
Goal: to continue to introduce children to various ways of decorating a Christmas tree, to tell about the history of the appearance of Christmas tree decorations in Rus'.
3. Game-dramatization by S. Marshak “Twelve Months”
.
Goal: To encourage improvisation in children, to develop the ability to feel free in a role. Offer children the opportunity to perform in front of their peers.
4. Dining duty: we set the tables beautifully for dinner.
5.Offer children coloring books on the theme: New Year
12/28/16. Wednesday
Morning:
1. “How many colored balls are there on the Christmas tree?”
.
Goal: to practice counting objects, to develop the ability to compare sets. 2. Conversation “How are Father Frost and Santa Claus different and similar”
.
Goal: to develop attention and memory.
3. Canteen duty.
Goal: education of CGN, a culture of behavior and self-service skills: to consolidate the skills of a culture of behavior at the table.
4. Didactic game “What did the artist mix up”
.
Goal: to develop logical thinking and attention.
5. Create conditions for independent production of New Year's cards .
Walk:
1. Observe trees in winter, tell how to protect them from severe frosts.
Goal: to promote knowledge about preserving trees during the cold season.
2. Games with snow. Strengthening young trees with snow.
3. Hanging feeders on the site.
Goal: to promote caring for birds in the winter season.
4. Individual work on physical education: exercise in walking “footprint”
Goal: practice balance.
5. P\i “Birds and the Cuckoo”
.
Goal: develop agility and speed.
6. Organize sledding.
Goal: to promote the development of motor activity.
Evening:
1. Practice counting objects ( Christmas toys )
.
2. Didactic game “What’s in Santa Claus’s bag?”
Goal: to help children recognize objects by their characteristic features using tactile sensations.
3. Opening of Father Frost’s workshop: selection of patterns for making Christmas tree decorations.
Goal: to promote the creation of homemade New Year's decorations .
4. Reading the fairy tale “Snow Maiden”
.
Goal: to consolidate knowledge about the features of the fairy tale genre.
5. D/i “Who does what?”
.
Purpose: to practice selecting verbs that correspond to winter phenomena.
6. Games in centers of the child’s choice.
29.11.16. Thursday
Morning:
1. D/i “What kind of bird is this?”
— continue to fix the names of wintering birds in the Perm region.
2. Conversation on the topic “A good deed”
.
Goal: to promote a desire to help people, to consider situations in which help is needed.
3. Finger games “Snowflakes”
“Snowman”
.
Goal: development of fine motor skills of the hands.
4. D/i “I’m going for a walk”
.
Purpose: to promote memorization of the sequence of actions when dressing for a walk.
5. Examination of illustrations of Father Frost and Snow Maiden.
Walk:
1. "Funny drawings in the snow"
- monitoring traces.
Goal: to improve the ability to think about whose footprints remain in the snow.
2. Throwing snowballs at a target.
Goal: develop accuracy.
3. P/i "Metelitsa"
- perform movements according to the content of the game.
Labor activity : clearing paths.
Goal: to promote the desire to provide all possible assistance to adults.
4. Pour food into bird feeders. Purpose: to promote the desire to take care of birds.
5. Independent activities of children .
Evening:
1. compiling a story based on a series of plot paintings for the New Year.
Goal: to create conditions for mastering the ability to write a story.
2. Role-playing game “Family”
: plot
“Preparing for the holiday”
.
Goal: to lead children to independently create a game plan, to develop the ability to use substitute objects.
3. Outdoor game “Owl and the Birds”
.
Goal: practice running in all directions.
4. Learn the poem by N. Artyukhova “Hello, Grandfather Frost...”
.
Goal: to promote memory development, enrich children's vocabulary.
5. Games with building materials.
Goal: to create conditions for the development of imagination and fantasy.
6. Printed board games at the request of children.
Goal: to promote the ability to play together by agreeing on the course of the game.
11/30/16. Friday
Morning:
1. Conversation “A kind word to a friend brings joy...”
.
Goal: to create conditions for increasing the level of knowledge about kind and polite words, about their “magic”
action.
2. D/i “What kind of bird is this?”
.
Goal: to create conditions for consolidating the names of birds.
3. Finger game “Herringbone”
.
Goal: to develop fine motor skills of the hands.
“Do it yourself”
books (cut out and paste)
:
“Here, the New Year is coming
.
Purpose: to promote the development of creative abilities, safety when working with scissors.
5. Drawing “Decorative painting “Gorodets horse painting”
.
Goal: to practice the ability to paint a template based on Gorodets painting.
Walk:
1. Observing the wind.
Goal: expand and deepen knowledge about inanimate nature; develop interest in natural phenomena.
2. "running along a winding path"
Purpose: to exercise the ability to maintain direction.
3. Labor activity : clean the path leading to the veranda.
Goal: improve the ability to work with a shovel correctly and throw snow in the right direction.
4. P/i “Red, yellow, green”
.
Goal: act on a signal, reinforce the rules of behavior on the street.
5. Constructive game “Snow Gate”
.
Goal: create structures and heroes of New Year's fairy tales from snow .
Evening:
1. Reading p. n. fairy tales "Morozko"
.
Goal: to continue to acquaint children with works of oral folk art, teach them to evaluate the actions of heroes, and express their attitude towards them. Conversation on content.
2. Low mobility game “Find what you describe”
.
Goal: improve the ability to find an object by description, practice orientation in a group , develop attention.
3. Labor activity group’s play areas on holiday weekends.
Goal: to promote the ability to maintain order.
4. Creative workshop made of pine cones, plasticine and gouache: “Let’s paint the Christmas tree and decorate it with toys”
.
