Preview:
Rhythmic gymnastics complex for children of senior preschool age.
Preschool age is a unique age for personality development. It is well known that the preschool period of ontogenesis is of decisive importance for the development of a child’s personality and the creation of prerequisites for his harmonious development.
Rhythmic gymnastics is one of the varieties of health-improving and developmental trends in gymnastics, which includes general developmental exercises for various muscle groups and musically rhythmic movements, which are subject to a certain tempo, rhythm of execution and are accompanied by music of different nature. It is desirable that this music be familiar to children.
The rhythmic gymnastics complex includes three parts: preparatory, main and final.
I present to your attention a complex of rhythmic gymnastics for children of senior preschool age.
- I.p. – standing, feet shoulder-width apart, one arm raised, the other lowered. Change the position of your hands alternately. Stretch your hands. Repeat 6 times with each hand.
- I.p. – standing, hands shoulder-width apart, hands on the belt. Turn to the right, arms to the sides, return to i.p. Do the same on the left side. Repeat 3-4 times in each direction.
- I.p. – standing, feet wider than shoulders, arms to the sides. Tilt down with alternating touch of the right (left) hand to the left (right) foot. Repeat 4-6 times.
- Added steps with claps (with different rhythmic patterns).
- Soft step: from the toes, gradually roll, stand on your entire foot. With a 90º turn (combined and integral movements to music).
- Steps diagonally. 1 – step the right foot forward to the right diagonally with a clap at the top right. 2 – step left forward – diagonally to the left with a clap at the top left. 3 – step forward with the right hand – diagonally to the right with a clap at the bottom right. 4 – step left forward diagonally to the left with a clap at the bottom left.
Main part. Rhythmic dance (song “Close and open your eyes”).
Performed in a circle:
Here I see: a bush growing in the garden
Do two half squats, raising rounded arms above your head.
Sparrows play leapfrog.
They move their arms back, slightly tilt the body forward, perform small steps on the toes, the hands tremble slightly.
I see my funny dog,
They put their hands to their head, their palms are freely lowered (“ears”), they shake their head.
And now I don't see anything.
Cover your eyes with your palms, shaking your head.
Here I see: the dust stands in a column,
They slowly raise their arms from the sides, quickly moving their fingers. The legs rise on their toes.
The truck sped around the corner
The left hand is placed on the belt; the right hand is placed with the “visor” on the forehead, slightly tilted to the right. The same is repeated with the left hand.
I see the driver driving him
They walk with a stomping step in place, slightly raising and lowering their hands, clenched into fists, as if holding the steering wheel.
And again I don’t see anything.
Cover your eyes with your palms, shaking your head.
Here we see - a yellow moth shook a green stem.
They circle in one place on their toes, raising and lowering their soft hands.
We see a bumblebee fly into the window,
Make rotational movements with your fists in front of your chest.
And again we see nothing
Cover your eyes with your palms, shaking your head.
We see again - they knock out the chair,
Vigorously raise and lower the right arm bent at the elbow, supporting the elbow with the left hand.
We see that a thunderstorm is approaching.
Shake with raised arms.
How interesting it is to open and close your eyes!
They spread their arms to the sides and then cover their eyes with their palms while simultaneously moving from foot to foot. Repeat 4 times.
Open and close your eyes!
Cover your eyes with your palms, shaking your head.
Open and close your eyes!
They raise their straight arms, lift them slightly to the sides, and slowly spin on their toes.
- Muscle relaxation and breathing exercises. I.p. stand with legs apart. 1-2 – arms up, hands into fists. 3-4 – bending, arms relaxed down. 5-6 – arms to shoulders, hands into fists. 7-8 – arms relaxed down.
- Exercise “waves hiss”: I.p. - sit on your heels, hands down. 1-2 – wave-like movements of the arms forward – up. Normal breath. 3-4 – wave-like movements of the hands downwards, exhale through the mouth with the sound “sh-sh-sh”.
- I.p. – legs together, arms along the body. 1-2 – while marching in place, raise both arms up, inhale, 3-4 – while marching in place, lower your arms, exhale.
What is rhythm
Rhythmics is the performance of simple dance movements to music. Rhythmic classes are considered the child’s first conscious steps in dancing. Children become familiar with such concepts as “fast” and “slow”, “loud” and “quiet”, “fun” and “sad”, and learn to move to musical accompaniment. Unlike other musical and physical activities, rhythmics does not focus on technique or physical development of the child. The main emphasis is on the development of coordination, the ability to hear music and perceive rhythm (alternating sounds and pauses).
When planning rhythm classes, it is important to take into account the age characteristics of children.
Children 3-4 years old have poorly developed coordination, they have poor body control and do not understand how to connect their movements with music. The main task of the music director is to help the child develop coordination of movements.
By the age of five, a child can already coordinate not only his own actions, but also work in pairs. He has a good imagination and can repeat a combination of several movements at a time.
At the age of 7, the child already has full control of his body. He can express emotions and feelings through movements, control the quality of performance, and come up with his own movements and combinations.
It is important for the teacher to select exercises for classes in such a way that they correspond to the age of the students.
On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes
Card file of morning exercise complexes for the entire academic year. One set of morning exercises per week.
Complex 11. Walking and running in a column, one at a time on the toes, hands on the belt; running in a column one at a time; walking and running in loose areas; Walking in a column one at a time. Exercises without objects 2. I. p.
Complexes of rhythmic gynastics for children of senior preschool age (from 5 to 7 years) have been developed and colorfully presented.
1. ANNUAL TASKS. 2. GYMNASTICS COMPLEX.
Morning exercise complex No. 2 (with a gymnastic stick) February I Walking. Easy running. Walking on toes (arms to the sides). Walking with one step to the right, one step to the left.
Morning exercise complexes for older children.
September Complex 1 Walking one after another on toes and heels, like a cockerel.1. “Eyes” (kinesiological exercise). I.p. — o.s. “Eyes left, eyes right, up and down.
Source
Rhythmic gymnastics complex for older children
Anastasia Naumova
Rhythmic gymnastics complex for older children
Alignment. Marching, children walk one after another in a circle. Formation in two columns 1. Head tilts. I. p.: standing, feet hip-width apart, hands on the waist. 1-turn your head to the right, raise your right shoulder. 2nd. p. 3 in the other direction. 4th. point 2. Circular movements of the head. I. p. standing, feet hip-width apart, hands on the waist. 1-8 turns your head to the right, make a circle with your head. The same in the other direction. 3. Raise your shoulders. I. p.: standing, feet shoulder-width apart, arms along the body. 1-raise the shoulder, 2-lower. 3-4 reps. The exercise is performed from the right shoulder, then from the left. 4. Shoulders back and forth. I. p.: feet shoulder-width apart, hands on the waist. 1-2-raise both shoulders, move them forward. 3-4 i. p. 5-6 - raise your shoulders, move them back. 7-8 i. item 6. Bend forward. I. p.: standing, feet shoulder-width apart, arms along the body. 1-bend forward with the right straight arm moving forward. 2nd. n., 3-bend forward with the left straight arm moving forward, 4-i. item 7. Sit down. I. p.: standing, feet shoulder-width apart, hands on the belt. 1-sit on your left knee, raise both arms up. 2nd. n., 3 in the other direction, 4. item 8. Bend over. I. p.: sitting on the floor, legs apart, hands on the belt. 1-2 lean forward towards your right leg, 3-4 and. p. Then bend to the left leg. 9. Turn your legs. I. p.: lying on your back, legs bent at the knees, hands behind your head. 1-put both legs to the right. ,2i. n. The same to the left. 10. Let's rest. I. p.: lying on your back in a comfortable position. March, formation of columns in a circle.
Development of a complex of rhythmic gymnastics for children of senior preschool age. The main objectives of children's physical education are to strengthen the body, develop and improve movements. Doing physical. Photo report on the open event. Gymnastics complex after sleep “You need, you need to wake up” for the senior group Summary of the open event. Gymnastics complex after sleep “You need, you need to wake up” for the older group Goals: 1. Provide for children. A complex of invigorating gymnastics for children of the preparatory group and hardening procedures Developed by: Korotkaya S.S. Goal: to raise the mood and muscle tone of children with the help of contrasting air baths and physical exercises.
Gymnastics complex after sleep for the preparatory group Forming healthy lifestyle skills in preschoolers is an important stage in establishing the foundation of children’s health, which can be strengthened.
After-sleep gymnastics complex “Dwarves” for the senior group CONSPECT of the after-sleep gymnastics complex “Dwarfs” for the senior group Objectives: 1. To provide children with a smooth transition from sleep to wakefulness.
Complex of morning exercises for children of the preparatory group “On the green lawn” COMPLEX “On the green lawn” (10 -12 min). Preparatory group. Part I. Walking one after another, on toes, on heels, goose step.
Complex of morning exercises for children of the preparatory group “Multi-colored cubes” COMPLEX “Multi-colored cubes” (10 -12 min). Preparatory group. Part I. Walking, in a column, one at a time, around the perimeter of the hall, on tiptoes.
A complex of morning exercises for the younger group. A complex of morning exercises on an obstacle course. I. Form in a column one at a time, walking normally, on toes. II. Obstacle course.
Summary of the open event. Gymnastics complex after sleep “You need, you need to wake up” for the senior group Summary of the open event. Gymnastics complex after sleep “You need, you need to wake up” for the senior group Conducted by: Golyashova E. O. Date.
Open demonstration of morning gymnastics in a preparatory group for school (using elements of rhythmic gymnastics) Municipal budgetary preschool educational institution "Kindergarten for care and health improvement No. 281" o. Samara Abstract of non-traditional.
Source
Manual “Rhythmic gymnastics in kindergarten”
UDC – 796.412 Published by editorial decision
BBK – 75.65. publishing council of Birskaya
R – 55 state social
pedagogical academy
Reviewers
:
N.P. Antonova
, senior teacher of the department of sports disciplines, candidate for master of sports in gymnastics (Birsk, Republic of Bashkortostan)
R.H. Khusainova
, senior lecturer at the Department of Aesthetic Education, Bashkir Institute for Educational Development (Ufa)
Author-compiler
:
Z.Ya. Zlobina
, senior teacher of the Department of PIMNE, Faculty of Childhood Pedagogy, BirGSPA, music director, physical education instructor at State Educational Institution No. 8 (Birsk, Republic of Bashkortostan)
Responsible for release:
THEM. Sinagatullin
, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Pedagogical Education, Faculty of Childhood Pedagogy, BirGSPA (Birsk, Republic of Bashkortostan)
Rhythmic gymnastics in kindergarten. Materials for rhythmic gymnastics:
for students of the Faculty of Childhood Pedagogy of the Birsk State Social-Pedagogical Academy (specialties 031200, 030700) /Auth.-comp. Z.Ya.Zlobina. – Birsk: Birsk. state social-ped. acad., 2006. – 44 p.
This educational publication presents practical material for conducting rhythmic gymnastics at the State Educational Institution. A system of using physical exercises is proposed, aimed at developing the correct motor skills and abilities in preschoolers and broadening their horizons.
Each complex is preceded by quatrains about the benefits of gymnastics, physical education and sports. Almost every exercise is accompanied by drawings that help you understand the technique of performing the movements.
The educational publication uses the personal experience of the author and compiler, and also offers various methodological recommendations.
The materials are addressed to students of pedagogical universities of the Faculty of Childhood Pedagogy, pedagogical colleges, physical education instructors, music directors, state educational institutions educators, rhythm teachers in elementary schools.
© Author-compiler
Z.Ya. Zlobina, 2006
© Design
Z.Ya. Zlobina, 2006
INTRODUCTION
Human motor activity
- a necessary condition that determines
his
health, physical and mental performance, creative longevity. Health does not exist on its own; it needs careful care throughout a person’s life. Maintaining and improving health is a huge daily task, starting from birth. The child’s natural need for movement is the most important condition for the formation of the basic structures and functions of the body, one of the ways to understand the world and navigate it, and contributes to the comprehensive development and upbringing of children.
For the harmonious development of a child, the formation of physical activity should become one of the mandatory components of the daily routine in a preschool educational institution and family. To raise muscle tone and create a good mood, morning exercises are performed. Morning exercises should be known and well mastered by children, simple in structure and coordination, aimed at developing posture and arch of the foot, and include breathing exercises and jumps.
Basic requirements for morning exercises:
— venue – music or physical education hall, group room;
— rational use of the premises;
— proper clothing and footwear;
— organization of morning exercises (timely start and end, duration of exercises in general and each exercise, dosage and pace of exercises, techniques for regulating breathing, etc.);
— compliance of exercises (as well as their combinations, sequence of execution, methods of implementation) with health-improving tasks, age of children, state of their health, level of physical development and physical fitness;
— implementation of educational tasks;
— quality of exercises, prevention and correction of errors;
- children’s well-being, mood and behavior;
— level of pedagogical skill of the teacher: quality of demonstration of exercises (taking into account the age characteristics of children); explanations, instructions, commands, orders; the ability to see all children, monitor their well-being, behavior and mood; mastery of voice, culture of speech, adherence to pedagogical tact, friendly tone, communication with children; the nature of doing gymnastics (confident, uncertain); teacher's mood;
- performing exercises to well-chosen music.
Music is the key to the human soul, an exceptional means of psychophysiological influence. It influences children's emotions and creates a certain mood in them. “In accordance with the nature of the musical work (cheerful, energetic, smooth, calm), children’s movements take on a different character. Music can promote a large amplitude of movements or, conversely, causes them to be restrained and precise in execution. Such variety in the execution of movements, depending on the nature of the musical work, affects their improvement. Movements become relaxed, coordinated, rhythmic, correctly reflecting the nature of the musical work.
For preschool age, exercises performed with musical accompaniment are the main, basic ones for mastering motor culture, as they contribute to the formation of correct posture, a beautiful gait, the development of rhythm and musicality, and coordination of movements. Music used in gymnastics not only increases interest and desire to practice, it contributes to better performance of movement, clarity, correctness, plasticity, expressiveness; movements become more perfect. Music ennobles emotionally, enriches mentally, promotes the growth of basic human abilities: logical thinking, mastery of language and speech. Much is known about the beneficial effects of music. It is used in various fields of medicine and practical psychology.
It is necessary to introduce a child to music from early childhood through active forms of its comprehension, and this is rhythmic activity.
The musical and rhythmic activity of a preschooler is capable of:
- a determinant of the disclosure and development of the natural characteristics of a preschool child: the needs of movement, fantasy, communication, cognition, understanding, compassion, which are a significant condition for the formation of personality;
- an urgent need in terms of comprehending the basic ethical categories, acquiring positive experience in interpersonal communication and other necessary skills and abilities necessary for existence in this complex world;
- an effective way of bodily and sensory comprehension of the essence of musical art, forming an idea of the system of universal human values.
The system of musical and recreational work in kindergarten involves the use of different types of morning exercises (traditional, game, story-based, etc.) when working with preschoolers. Among these types, rhythmic gymnastics stands out.
Rhythmic gymnastics
– this is gymnastics with a health-improving orientation, the main means of which are sets of gymnastic exercises, different in nature, performed to music, mainly in a continuous manner and aimed at developing coordination of movements in children, decorated with dance movements; a variety of movements performed in different planes of space, helping to improve motor memory and coordination abilities; a way of gaining an idea of the diverse world of movements, which, especially at first, is new and unusual for children; a unique synthesis of gymnastics and yoga, classical ballet and aerobics, folk dance and disco; one of the forms of organizing musical activity, in which the tasks of forming the foundations of the musical culture of preschool children are solved; an excellent means of versatile physical development and aesthetic education of a child, which originates far in the depths of history, which not only has a beneficial effect on all systems of the body (cardiovascular, respiratory, excretory, etc.), but also relieves mental stress, increases mental and physical performance, improves well-being; one of the most important means of musical and rhythmic education, which involves influencing the human body not only by movement, but also by music.
Rhythmic gymnastics is also known as aerobics ,
those. gymnastics to rhythmic music, which helps to follow the rhythm of the exercises.
Scientists such as Georges Demeny, A. Dupperon and others dealt with the issues of rhythmic gymnastics. And in our time these are T. P. Manuilova, S. B. Sharmanova, N. V. Denisenko, Yu. P. Denisenko and others.
The Swiss teacher and composer of the 20th century E. J. Dalcroze was the first to consider rhythm and substantiate it as a method of musical education. He set the task of developing musical abilities, plasticity and expressiveness of movements before rhythmics. The essence of his method lies in the combination of rhythm, music and movement. E.Zh. Dalcroze believed that the goal of rhythmic gymnastics is to improve strength, flexibility, and the ability of muscles to contract and relax, which can be achieved through music, since it determines the accuracy of movements and the speed of their execution. “For this it is necessary,” wrote Dalcroze, “that the muscles and nervous system be accustomed to reproducing any rhythmic movement, so that the ear is able to correctly perceive the music that gives impetus to this movement.” In other words, it is necessary to develop two interrelated abilities: the first is the perception of music through movements and plastic elements, and the second is the expression of body movements through a piece of music (improvisation).
This educational publication has developed a system of using physical exercises aimed at developing the correct motor skills and abilities in preschoolers and broadening their horizons. There are 12 rhythmic gymnastics complexes with musical accompaniment, which makes it easier for practicing teachers to work with children.
The musical material for the complexes is composed of children's popular songs in modern arrangements, classical and folk music.
When selecting musical compositions, we took into account the following:
- children's age;
— level of general and physical fitness of children;
- theme, imagery of the lesson;
- educational moment;
- the nature of each exercise;
- stylistic unity of musical passages, works or fragments;
- common content of music.
All exercises have interesting figurative names, such as “whale”, “heron”, “clock”, “carousel”, thanks to which children can temporarily transform into someone or something, contribute to the development of observation: how a cat walks , kid; as the train moves, the carousel turns. Children will learn something new for themselves: what are planetary satellites, a conductor, etc.
While doing some exercises, children enjoy pronouncing syllables that complement the image. For example, when doing the “samovar” exercise, children say “puff-puff”; exercise “pump” - “s-s-s”; “watch” – “tick-tock”; “locomotive” – “chukh-chukh”, etc.
Each complex is preceded by quatrains about the benefits of gymnastics, physical education and sports. After performing rhythmic gymnastics, the teacher pronounces the first line of the quatrain, and the children pronounce the second. The teacher - the third, the children - the fourth.
The main exercises are illustrated, which makes it much easier for the teacher to understand the technique of performing them. Children master the technique of performing movements during morning exercises and physical education classes. Orthomusic enhances the image. Also, with a nod, the teacher manages to pronounce the name of the next exercise. name 2121212121212121212121.tsya 3-4 times (10-15) exercises. Therefore, each exercise changes ki is learned in physical education class without musical accompaniment. The teacher explains how to perform the exercises correctly and demonstrates himself. If for some reason the teacher cannot show some exercise, then he must explain it clearly and clearly, and can also take the smartest and most athletic child as his assistant. The first week the teacher performs the complex together with the children. At the beginning of the second week, the teacher does not perform, but only names the exercise. And at the final stage, children perform the entire complex independently, guided by music. If the assimilation of a certain complex is delayed, then it can be performed not for two weeks, but for three. Each complex lasts 7 – 7.5 minutes. Children of senior preschool age easily and playfully cope with all the proposed exercises, dance movements, which are included in all complexes, the smiles do not leave their faces, they receive a great emotional charge. And if complex exercises are excluded or simplified, then children 3 and 4 years old will be happy to do them.
Using these entertaining complexes, you can easily interest children and make morning exercises a favorite activity.
