- Nick Bromley "Caution! This book bites!”
- Boris Zakhoder “The Whale and the Cat”
- Irina Tokmakova “Alya, Klyaksich and the letter “A””
- Georgy Yudin “Little book. The magic alphabet in pictures and fairy tales"
- Mikhail Raskatov “The Missing Letter”
- Alexander Sharov “The Adventures of Yozhenka and other drawn men”
Nick Bromley "Caution! This book bites!” Artist Nicola O'Byrne Translation from English by Maria Pak Labyrinth Press Publishing House, 2017
The books of the French artist Nicola O'Byrne are distinguished primarily by their interesting interactive component, so they are good to read with a small child. But thanks to the large print, these books are also suitable for initial independent reading. "Carefully! This book bites!”, the text of which was written by Nick Bromley, can well be considered as a fairy tale “about letters”. True, the crocodile that got into the book ate only two letters - “O” and “B”. And only on one spread the “conflict” is built around these letters. But is this not enough? It’s safe to say that the child will definitely remember “O” and “B”. And if he already knows the letters, then, quite possibly, he will be interested in finding out what a “missing letter” and “empty space” in a word mean. As a result, the word is destroyed and ceases to be a word! This, by the way, is the most important knowledge. In addition, the crocodile, as the author tells us, “swallows words and entire sentences”... A terrible creature is a crocodile. But in the meantime, the child learns about the existence of grammatical units!
Of course, both a three- and four-year-old child will most likely miss this information (although this will not relieve him of his indignation at the crocodile’s actions). But you can and should draw the attention of a child who is already starting to read to this.
Boris Zakhoder “The Whale and the Cat” Artist Evgeny Meshkov Rech Publishing House, 2017
The fairy tale “The Whale and the Cat” by Boris Zakhoder is the most “literal” fairy tale. Its plot is built around mixed up letters: “someone rearranged the letters in the fairy tale against all rules.” As a result, the whale ended up in the whale's place, and vice versa. Fun confusion ensues. This fairy tale was liked by children of past decades, parents and grandmothers of today's children. And now her humor is not outdated, and her rhymes are easily imprinted in the memory. During the carnival with cats and whales, children discover important knowledge: replacing one single letter, a small icon, completely changes the meaning of the word.
Since “whale” and “cat” are short and simple words from a graphical point of view, you can invite your child to draw them. Or you can draw pictures for a fairy tale with the “correct” whale and cat and the “wrong” ones, and then label which is which.
Irina Tokmakova “Alya, Klyaksich and the letter “A”” Artist Viktor Chizhikov Labyrinth Publishing House, 2019
Irina Tokmakova's fairy tale can be considered an ideal introduction to the world of literacy for a four- to five-year-old child (that is, from the moment when the child is already able to listen to fairy tales).
The tale is based on an exciting, dynamic plot with a detective touch (the abduction of the letter “I” by a villain, to save which you need to solve a riddle), with travel and adventure. There is a confrontation between good and bad characters, understandable to a preschooler, and a happy ending: everyone is saved, the mission of the good heroes is completed.
Most fairy tale characters are letters. But these are not letter-signs, but letters-creatures, artistic images - letters. They have their own characters and manner of speech, they perform actions. And this couldn’t be more consistent with children’s perceptions. The fact that the letters act here as “funny little people” instantly integrates them into the world of the child’s figurative dimension: they can be thought of as “alive”, you can play with them, you can make up stories.
At the same time, the fairy tale is also filled with sound writing, which is especially visual and distinguishable in the “monologues” of individual letters. The author shows the child that a letter is pronounced out loud as a certain sound and that the sounds, when combined, form a word. But this is done without a hint of didacticism; it is an organic part of the plot, which holds the child’s attention.
You can also read about this book in the articles “Letters: Adventures and Transformations” and “My Light, Mirror, Tell Me!”
Georgy Yudin “Little book. The magic alphabet in pictures and fairy tales" Illustrations by the author Publishing House "Children's Literature", 2018
Georgy Yudin's book can really replace a primer for a preschooler, since the letters here are depicted as a “cast” of some object or phenomenon, as its transformed image.
But, along with pictures, fairy tales occupy an important place in the book. The fairy tale “around the letter” and the drawn image of the letter form an inseparable unity here. The child looks at the picture, looking for a letter in it, and at this time the adult reads to him a text that uses different words starting with the corresponding sound.
You can also read about this book in the article “Turkish panties, or how to draw a hieroglyph.”
Mikhail Raskatov “The Missing Letter” Artist Evgeny Medvedev Publishing house “CompassGuide”, 2017
The plot is based on the mysterious disappearance of the letter Sh from Letter City (and from speech), and the need to find and free it. The main characters are twin first-graders, Sasha and Alyosha, whose names change in the most deplorable way with the disappearance of the letter.
The principle of constructing the plot seems to be very similar to that used by Irina Tokmakova in her fairy tale story “Alya, Klyaksich and the letter A.”
But Mikhail Raskatov’s book is much more complicated. There are many more characters here who enter into various relationships with each other. The characters of the main characters develop over the course of the story (and in Tokmakova’s fairy tale, which is addressed to children of an earlier age, the characters of the characters remain practically unchanged). Saa and Alea must overcome themselves to regain their normal names. The “restoration” of the name is associated with the restoration of order as a whole. In addition, truly scary characters appear in The Missing Letter, who are called “letter eaters.” They live in a special country, where all life is subject to strict rules, the slightest deviation from which is mercilessly punished. Letter eaters oppose the inhabitants of Bukvograd, letters and punctuation marks.
While reading the book, listeners will have to go through dangerous adventures with the heroes and take part in solving a rather complex code.
This fairy tale is good to read to children who already know the letters and are gradually beginning to master the skill of reading. For children who already have experience in perceiving fairy tales and who love “scary tales.”
You can also read about this book in the article “The Missing Letter”: a detective story for little ones.”
Alexander Sharov “The Adventures of Yozhenka and other painted men” Artist Rafail Volsky Publishing house “ID Meshcheryakova”, 2016
At the heart of Alexander Sharov's fairy tale is the confrontation between two brothers - the Good Artist and the Evil Artist. The kind Artist creates images and his kind fairy-tale world. The Evil Artist also modifies the world, but always to the detriment of the Good, trying to destroy what he has created. This is a completely new way of looking at things for a child: it turns out that creativity can be destructive.
Wanting to completely destroy his good brother, the Evil Artist creates mad letters. He creates them from drawn snakes. The main quality of the new letters is to sting and form prohibiting words. The appearance of frantic letters leads to the fact that everything around becomes “as if dead.” The callous letter H guards the captured Good Artist. The bloodthirsty, fanged, treacherous letter K leads the army sent by the Evil Wizard. But in the end, the mad letters lose their poisonous stings and turn into “kind” ones. A rather complex image through which a child discovers that being able to write, being able to manipulate letters, is not an absolute benefit.
It turns out that letters can pose a threat to everything human in the world. This is a kind of philosophy lesson for children.
If you are just thinking about getting to know the letters, then it is better to put this book aside for a later time.
Let the child first learn what letters are and what they are for, and only then - that they can be “mad.”
But in general, this is an incredibly poetic and at the same time dramatic fairy tale with an unpredictably developing plot, unexpected images and persistent tension: the heroes who did not have time to avoid one danger are already facing a new misfortune. However, by the will of the storyteller, all evil characters certainly turn into good ones. Everyone - except the main villain. He's just hiding. And this leaves a feeling of anxiety in the depths of my soul.
Since the fairy tale is built on a complex play of meanings and complex images, it is best to read it to a child no earlier than five years old. Or you can offer it for independent reading to a reader about eight years old: it won’t seem simple and uninteresting.
The material was prepared by Marina Aromshtam and Elizaveta Prudovskaya
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One day the vowels are sitting in their letter houses, singing songs in all their voices, suddenly they hear something strange, incomprehensible: “Y Y Y Y Y...” They look - some sound unlike them in a green shirt is trying to explain something to them, yes, he says very briefly: “Y... Y... Y...”I listened and recognized him as his distant relative, who was called I-short, because he sounds abruptly, briefly, and it is not always easy to hear him.
They listened and listened to the sounds and finally understood that I-short was asking them to join the choir. The vowels came out, stood in a circle and began to think about how to teach I-short to sing.
Everything about him is good: his voice is clear, soft, and gentle, but the sound cannot be pulled...
To begin with, they built him a house - the same as that of his relative, the sound I, but with a visor, for distinction. The house of I-kratkoy was named with the letter I-kratkoy.
I-kratpky was delighted and thanks everyone for the letter house:
- Y..., Y..., Y...
I-kratpky settled in his letter-house, listened to the vowels sing, and tried to sing along with them:
- Y..., Y..., Y
A listened and listened, and said:
- Let's try to sing together.
You start, and I'll pick up.
I-short agreed, and they sang:
- YA, YA, YA.
“You’re doing great,” U said thoughtfully, “but will you sing with sleep?” - he turned to I-short.
“I will,” he answered without hesitation.
And then everyone heard:
- YU, YU, YU.
- Oh, how good! “Sing with me now,” asked O. “Please.”
“YO, YO, YO,” a new song poured out.
“Eh, I don’t want to stay on the sidelines,” E reasoned, “let’s sing together,” he suggested to I-short.
The next song sounded like this:
- YE, YE, YE.
I-short rejoices: sings with A - it turns out “YA, YA, YA”, sings with U - it turns out “YU, YU, YU”, sings with O - it turns out “YO, YO, YO”, sings with E - it turns out “ YE, YE, YE.”
Only Y and Y were sad.
“Nice, very sweet,” I sighed, listening to his friends sing, “I would like to sing with I-short, but if I sing, no one will hear him at all, we are relatives.”
“I-short and I won’t be able to sing together either.” “He’s so tall, and I’m so short,” Y grieved.
So they sat, listened to the songs: “YA”, “YU”, “YO”, “YE”, talked quietly and decided to build houses where I-short could perform concerts with the sound A, with the sound U, with the sound Oh, with the sound of E.
We thought and thought and made four houses.
The first house was called the letter Y, in which I-short began to sing with the sound A.
The second house was called the letter Y, in which I-short began to sing with the sound U.
The third house was called the letter E, in it I-short began to sing with the sound O.
The fourth house was called the letter E, in which I-short began to sing with the sound E.
This is how they still sing in the letter houses I, Yu, E, E.
And the sound I-short, because it agreed to sing with vowels, began to be called a consonant, and added “voiced, soft.” I-short’s voice is truly surprisingly sonorous and surprisingly soft.
They sang sounds a lot - both at home and at concerts. The vowel sounds always appeared in red shirts, and I-short - in green. Looking at him, all the soft sounds began to wear green shirts, and the hard sounds decided to wear blue shirts.
Option for ending a fairy tale for preschoolers
This is how it has been in the Russian language since then: six vowel sounds
are indicated by red circles.
All other sounds are consonants
:
o soft
consonants
are indicated by green circles,
o hard consonants are blue.
That’s the end of the fairy tale; well done to those who remember!
Option for ending a fairy tale for schoolchildren
This is how it has been in the Russian language since then: there are six vowel sounds.
There are ten vowel letters. (In four house letters: Ya, Yu, Yo, E sings I-short duet, i.e. together? With vowels A, U, O, E.)
All sounds that agree to sing with vowels are called CONSONANTS. Vowels like red, soft consonants like green, hard consonants like blue.
That’s the end of the fairy tale; well done to those who remember!
Annex 1
SPEECH DEVICE
Pronunciation apparatus:
1- hard palate; 2 - alveoli; 3 - upper lip; 4 - upper teeth; 5 - lower lip; 6 - lower teeth; 7 - front part of the tongue; 8 - middle part of the tongue; 9 - back of the tongue; 10 - root of tongue; 11 - epiglottis; 12 - glottis;
13 - thyroid cartilage; 14 - cricoid cartilage; 15 - nasopharynx; 16 - soft palate; 17 - uvula; 18 - larynx; 19 - arytenoid cartilage; 20 - esophagus; 21 - trachea
Appendix 2
Korovina Olga
Singing Sounds Fairy Tales
Head: Korovina Irina Yurievna
Content
1. Tale about sound [A] 2. Tale about sound [O] 3. Tale about sound [U] 4. Tale about sound [Y] 5. Tale about sound [I] 6. Tale about sound [E]
Tale about sound [A]
Once upon a time there were sounds. They lived in the city of Singing Sounds. The sound [A] also lived there. He was always cheerful, joyful, carefree. The sound [A] really loved to sing AAAAAA. And the sound [A] came up with an idea. He came up with another song A-A-A-A-A-A. This is the kind of song he came up with.
He was very happy. Sound [A] was very sociable and wanted to sing a song with other residents of the city of Singing Sounds. And he first went to his best friend, the sound [O].
Tale about sound [O]
The sound [A] met the sound [O] on a cliff near the shore of the lake. The sound [O] did not expect anyone here. And when he saw the sound [A], he fainted, as he was very cowardly. When the sound [A] poured water over him, the sound [O] opened his eyes and said:
“Oh-oh-oh,” I was so scared. And I’m actually fishing, I want to catch perch and omul. What are you doing here?
“And I was coming to you to sing a song with you,” said the sound [A].
“Well, let’s sing,” the sound [O] barely uttered. Just let's catch my favorite fish first - perch and omul? Sound [A] happily agreed. So they did. We caught a fish and started singing songs. And they sang at first quietly, and then louder and louder: A-A-A-A-A, O-O-O-O-O, A-A-A-A-A, O-O-O-O -Oh, A-A-A-A-A, O-O-O-O-O, A-A-A-A-A. They sang more and more cheerfully, and the mood of the sound [O] rose very much. And they decided to move on to other residents of the city of sounds to sing.
Tale about sound [U]
The sound [A] and the sound [O] went to sing a song to the sound [U]. The sounds detected the sound of [At] the house. He was making an iron and was so busy with his work that he didn’t even notice the sounds [A] and [O].
“Hello, sound [U],” said the guests.
And the sound [U] was so frightened that it fell on the platypus, which lived at his house and was currently sitting near him (he was his pet). How the platypus jumps! Which made our sound [U] even more frightening.
“UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUu,” the only sound he could whisper was [U]. Then he walked away from the fright and asked his friends:
- Why did you come then?
“We came to sing a funny song with you,” they answered.
“Wait, let’s finish the iron and then we’ll sing,” asked the sound [U].
“Okay. And of course we will help you,” said the sounds.
They all made an iron together and started singing a song.
“A-A-A-A-A-A,” sang the sound [A].
-O-O-O-O-O-O, - pick up the sound [O].
“U-U-U-U-U-U,” finished the sound [U].
And they sang the song until the evening. And the next day we agreed to meet in the forest and go to other sounds to sing songs. When night fell, they went to their houses and went to bed.
Tale about sound [Y]
Friends met in the forest. The cheerful sound [A], the cowardly sound [O], the frightened sound [U] came at the appointed hour in a good mood. And the sounds headed towards the sound house [Y]. They walked along, singing their song. They came, knocked, no one opened. They knocked again, again silence.
“Look, the sound [Y] is there, in the garden,” exclaimed the sound [O].
At that moment, the sound [Y] finally noticed them, he waved his hand for them to go inside. The sounds saw the sound [Y], who was watering flowers: phlox, irises, chrysanthemums and many other plants. I must say that he really loved to breed, plant, care for
in different colors. I constantly gave them to my friends for various holidays and birthdays. And this time he also picked a flower and gave it to each friend. Everyone was happy.
“We came to you to sing our songs,” the sounds said to their friend, the sound [Y], “sing along with us.”
“A-A-A-A-A-A,” sang the sound [A].
-O-O-O-O-OO, - pick up the sound [O].
“U-U-U-U-U-U,” the sound [U] continued.
“Y-Y-Y-Y-Y-Y,” finished [Y].
They sang and sang sounds and remembered that the most tender sound, the sound [I], was not with them.
“Let’s go quickly to our mutual friend,” the singers decided and went to the sound [I].
Tale about sound [I]
The road seemed fast and cheerful to the friends, because they sang their favorite songs. Sound [I] was doing his favorite thing - planting bores. At the moment he was planting a small willow sprout. He took each sprout very gently and just as gently planted them in the ground.
“Hello,” said the sound [I].
“Hello,” the sounds greeted.
-What are you doing here? - asked the sound [I].
“We were walking and decided to go and sing songs with you,” answered the sounds.
“Okay,” answered the sound [I], “just let’s pester those willow sprouts so that they don’t dry out.”
Everyone, of course, agreed, because they knew that they had to help each other in difficult times. Their work quickly progressed, since they were doing a common task all together. When they finished planting the willow sprouts, they began to sing their songs.
“A-A-A-A-A-A,” sang the sound [A].
-O-O-O-O-OO, - pick up the sound [O].
“U-U-U-U-U-U,” the sound [U] continued.
“Y-Y-Y-Y-Y-Y,” [Y] sang.
“I-I-I-I-I,” finished [I].
Friends remembered the erudite sound [E], who often spent time alone. Without thinking twice, they were already walking towards the sound house [E].
Lesson-fairy tale “The Hedgehog’s Journey” [vowels and consonants]
Depending on the age of the students, this material can be used for different purposes and at different stages of work. So, school-age children can be offered this fairy tale at the stage of familiarization with the concepts of vowel, consonant, voiceless, voiced sound . A fairy tale will help preschoolers generalize ideas on this topic, consolidate terminology, thanks to the plot, figurative comparisons and elements of comic etymology.
If desired, the lesson material can be used in parts (separately vowels and consonants).
The lesson is conducted against the background of a presentation , which includes sound and animation.
Lesson – fairy tale “Journey of the Hedgehog”
Topic: Vowels and consonants.
Goals:
- generalize children’s ideas about vowels and consonants; - consolidate the concepts: vowel, consonant, voiceless, voiced.
Equipment: cut-out alphabet, presentation, sound symbols.
1. Organizational moment
The speech therapist gives the children letters (3 pieces each: 1 vowel, 1 voiced consonant, 1 voiceless consonant) and asks:
- What is this? (Children: - These are letters)
Speech therapist: What is this? Listen: a, o, m, s, i, g? (Children: - These are sounds)
- Read your letters - name the sounds. (Children name their letters)
Speech therapist: - Find its own symbol for each letter. (Children put a red symbol under a vowel, a blue symbol with a bell under a voiced consonant, a blue symbol without a bell under a voiceless letter)
2. Announcing the topic of the lesson.
Today I will tell you a fairy tale about how a hedgehog became acquainted with sounds in his forest. You already know a lot of sounds, so you will help me.
3. Fairy tale.
(Slide 2) A hedgehog lived in one forest. He loved to walk in the forest. One day he walked for a long time and saw a red house.
(Slide 3) Someone was singing in the house. The hedgehog heard a song. (Slide 3 - sound)
- What wonderful sounds! “How they sing!” thought the hedgehog and knocked softly on the door.
The door opened and he was greeted by sound guys in red dresses. (Slide 4 with animation)
“Hello,” they said, “who are you?”
- I am an ordinary hedgehog, my name is Hedgehog, and my last name is Lesnoy. And who are you?
- And we are sounds.
- What is your name?
(By the articulation of vowels, symbolically depicted on the slide, children identify sounds. Each child must name his own sound corresponding to the letter he has. The child names the sound, shows the letter, after which this letter appears on the slide. Children’s response model: “Me name is A")
- Very nice to meet you! - said the Hedgehog.
“And we all have the same last name,” said the sounds.
-Yes? — the hedgehog was surprised, “What is your last name?”
- All of us - ….?" (Children answer “Vowels!”)
- Thank you, vowels, for the song! You sing so well! Can I come to you again?
- We will be very glad!
3. And the hedgehog moved on. Suddenly he sees a blue house standing. (Slide 5) The hedgehog stopped and began to listen. But I didn’t hear the song. But in the house, someone was growling (how? - Children determine the 1st sound in the word “growled”), hissing (how?...), buzzing (how?), snorting (how?..), puffing (how?.. ), grumbled (how?..), grumbled (how?..), wheezed (how?..), mooed (how?..), etc.
(On slide 5 there is an opportunity to demonstrate different sounds by clicking on the speaker images)
Suddenly the door opened and the hedgehog heard:
- Hello! Who are you?
- I am an ordinary hedgehog, my name is Hedgehog, and my last name is Lesnoy. And who are you?
- We are sounds.
- Oh, how many sounds there are in our forest! I won’t remember all of you right away!
- It's nothing! Remember our last names.
And immediately all the sounds scattered in different directions and formed into two columns. Only now the Hedgehog noticed that some (they stood on the left) had bells hanging around their necks, while others (they stood on the right) did not have bells.
The sounds with bells said in chorus:
- Our last name... (Children: - Voiced!)
The sounds without bells also said in chorus, but very quietly:
- Our last name... (Children: - Deaf!)
- And our name is...
And then a terrible noise arose because they all called their names together. (Children pronounce in chorus according to the consonant sound)
- All! All! Quiet! - the hedgehog shouted. But the sounds were noisy. Then the hedgehog shouted: “Quiet! I came up with something! The sounds fell silent, and then they asked in chorus:
- What?
“You need another last name so that it’s immediately clear that you all know how to make noise!” Do you agree?
- Yes! YES! - the sounds screamed. - We agree!
And so they shouted for a long, long time: “We agree! We agree! We agree! We agree! We agree! We agree!”...
“STOP!” shouted the Hedgehog. If you agree, then you CONSENT!
- Hooray!!! We agree! We agree! We agree!
- You will be VOICED CONSONANTS because you have a loud voice, and you will be DEAF CONSONANTS because you have no voice.
- What a long last name! - said one of the sounds.
- You do not like?
- Like! Like! We agree! We agree!
- Oh oh oh! - Hedgehog shouted, - How loud you are! I'll go to another house. Other sounds live there - Vowels. They sing songs, and you just make noise!
“We also want to sing, but we don’t know how,” said those who agreed sadly. Maybe you can come up with something?
- I figured it out! You need to make friends with the vowels and sing together.
- But how? We can't sing!
- And it is not necessary. You will help - pronounce your sounds, and the vowels will sing theirs. Together you get syllables and words. And syllables and words can be pronounced, sung, and even read. Let's go visit the vowels! They will be glad!
And off they went. Along the way, Hedgehog learned the names of sounds and tried to remember which of them was voiced and which was deaf.
- Do you guys remember?
(Slide 6 - with animation)
— Children classify the consonants presented on the slide, and the Speech Pathologist controls the presentation: after each answer, the Speech Pathologist clicks the mouse, and the letter is “sent” to the desired column, which allows children to check the correctness of their answers)
(Slide 7 - with sound)
Speech therapist: - Let's listen to what songs the consonant C made with vowel sounds.
... Let's learn this song.
Notes. Depending on the age of the students, this material can be used for different purposes and at different stages of work. Thus, school-age children can be offered this fairy tale at the stage of familiarization with the concepts of vowel, consonant, voiceless, voiced sound already in the first lessons.
Accordingly, the next stage may be reading words, sound-letter analysis, synthesis of syllables and words, etc.
Pyadysheva Elvira Vladislavovna, teacher-speech therapist, Education Center No. 1429, Moscow
- Speech therapy lesson summary: Vowel sounds and letters
- Presentation “Sounds and Letters”
- Presentation [Exercises for the prevention of acoustic dysgraphia - S-Sh sounds]
- Lesson summary in the first grade for a group of students with functional disabilities - Sounds [S]-[C]
- Summary of an individual speech therapy lesson: Sounds and letters R, L, automation in syllables, words
( 6 liked, average score: 4.83 out of 5)
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Traveling with Govorushka to the land of Vowel sounds
Author: Natalya Letoshko
Content:
- Introduction
- Part 1. Magic spell
- Part 2. Interesting meeting
- Part 3. Talker
- Part 4. Guess the Game
- Note to part 4. Development of auditory attention
- Part 5. Sound A
- Note to part 5. Sound A - articulation, games
- Part 6. Fairy of the Mirror Lake
- Part 7. Why are vowels called that?
- Part 8. Carefree residents of Glasnaya Strana
- Part 9. Sound U
- Part 10. Grandfather Frost
- Part 11. Sound I
- Part 12. Crying Cloud
- Part 13. Sound O
- Part 14. Grandfather Echo
- Part 15. Sound E
- Part 16. Offended bear
- Part 17. Sound Y
Introduction
It was dark outside the window. Light rain drizzled on the glass. In the darkness of the room, shadows drew amazing heroes on the walls, as if with a pencil. In the corner of the room near the bed it was warm and cozy, a lamp was burning there, and its clear, golden rays drove away the shadow, leaving bright sunny pictures. In the bed, covered with a warm woolen blanket, lay a little girl. A woman was sitting on the edge of the bed next to her.
“Mom, please tell me a fairy tale,” the girl asked her.
- Anya, let’s create a magical story together about amazing residents and their adventures? - Mom answered her with a smile.
This is how a fabulous story about vowel sounds was born.
Part 1. Magic spell
Since ancient times, wizards have lived in one wonderful country. They love to talk, but not the way we usually talk, no, each of them can only pronounce their name, consisting of one sound. And therefore, in order to communicate, one after another, in order, each of them sings his name, creating an incredible miracle - the Word.
You probably thought: “Oh, what magic, anyone can do this!” Do you know that in order for the Word to be born, you need to pronounce all the Sounds in order and correctly?
“I want to go visit the amazing inhabitants of a fairyland and ask them to teach me the magic of the Word,” said the girl.
At that very moment, Anya found herself in a beautiful fairyland...
Part 2. Interesting meeting
A little girl walked slowly along the road. To the right and left of her the leafy forest rustled. There wasn't a soul around.
- Who can tell me where this path leads? — the girl said, looking ahead thoughtfully.
Suddenly a thin voice was heard next to her:
- What is your name, where are you going alone?
The girl looked around and didn’t notice anyone.
“Anya,” she introduced herself timidly. – I am looking for the land of Knowledge. Good wizards live there. I will ask them to teach me their skills.
A little voice nearby exclaimed:
- I want to travel too!
The girl could not understand what kind of miracles were, who was talking to her!
But from somewhere above, a little voice continued to ask:
— I can fly, and therefore from above I can see and hear a lot of interesting and surprising things. Would you like me to share my knowledge with you? Take me with you!
The girl looked up and saw a small bird.
- Talking bird! - the girl exclaimed. - This can’t be!
Part 3. Talker
Anya had never heard birds talk in her life. And when in front of her she saw a bird with button eyes, in a strange hat, curved like a tree leaf, she couldn’t believe her eyes from surprise. She waved her wings to Anya in a friendly manner.
- Incredible! – the girl drawled, looking at the Stranger.
- Take me with you, and I will introduce you to the inhabitants of this country, tell you about interesting and magical transformations, and with me you will learn a lot of new and educational things! – the bird offered its help.
The girl was a little scared; something incredibly wonderful and at the same time unknown awaited her ahead. To be honest, she was delighted to have a talkative interlocutor.
“Okay,” said the girl. - But if we travel together, I need to know your name!
“I don’t have a name, I just fly everywhere and love to learn new things,” answered the bird.
- Everyone has a name, let me call you Talker? – asked Anya.
- I like! Thank you, now I have my own beautiful name! – the Stranger was delighted. - Let's hurry on the road, interesting adventures await us ahead!
Part 4. Guess the Game
- To make it interesting for us to travel, let's play! Close your eyes, listen to the sounds around you, what do you hear? - said Talker.
Anya closed her eyes and thought. Everything was normal, as always. But, a little later, she began to distinguish the brook babbling, the leaves of trees rustling, birds chirping and many other different sounds that nature gives us.
“How come I didn’t notice before that the world is so rich in sounds!” - thought the girl.
The talker waited and, when Anya opened her eyes, told her that she had prepared boxes with surprises for her.
“Take any box, shake it, listen carefully to the sound that comes from inside and tell me what it reminds you of,” she said.
The bird flapped its wings several times, and several boxes appeared out of the air on the ground in front of Anya. The girl began to take each one in her hands, and it made the only unique sound.
Note to part 4. Development of auditory attention
Games to develop a child’s auditory attention:
1. Ask your child to listen carefully to the various sounds around him and tell him what he hears. For example, in the house - what the sound of working kitchen appliances sounds like, outside - various sounds of nature. Help him with leading questions, tell him if he has difficulty guessing the sound. If desired, the child can close his eyes while playing.
2. Take any small containers. These can be matchboxes, Kinder Surprise shells, homemade cardboard containers, anything your imagination can come up with. It is necessary to place objects inside the containers that make different sounds. Options: beads, beans, plastic bottle cap, bell, etc. If you use bulk cereals, remember that they will spoil. It is advisable to cover cardboard containers with paper to prevent the contents from falling apart. It is better to take colored paper. Listen to each object with your child and discuss with him what the sounds “living” inside are like. Then let the child try to independently guess what each sound is like.
3. To diversify the game moments, baby rattles, a tambourine, a drum, a baby piano, a pipe, wooden spoons, etc. can be used as additional material. Behind a small screen, you make a sound with the selected object and ask the child to guess which object it belongs to.
Part 5. Sound A
“I’ll tell you about the sound “A,” the bird sang. - If only Sound lived in the world. He loved children very much and therefore often rocked the babies in the cradle with their mothers, soothing the babies with a song, and so that he could be heard, he hummed “A-A-A.” Together with their mothers, he lulled the babies in their arms and in strollers, calming them with his song.
Let's play with him:
We play with the sound “A”, We open our mouth like a chick, The tongue lies calmly, The breeze flies freely
From the mouth, and to freedom, Through the free passage. Teeth and sponges do not interfere, Song “A” is not disturbed.
So the interlocutors did not notice how a blue expanse of water appeared in the distance.
Note to part 5. Sound A - articulation, games
1. Articulation of the sound “A” for children:
We play with the sound “A”, We open our mouth like a chick, The tongue lies calmly, The breeze flies freely
From the mouth, and to freedom, Through the free passage. Teeth and sponges do not interfere, Song “A” is not disturbed.
2. Games with sound “A”:
A) “Clap your hands when you hear the sound “A””: Ask the child to clap his hands when he hears the sound “A”.
B) Game “Magic Bag”. You can sew it yourself or take a ready-made store-bought fabric bag. Place cards with pictures of objects that start with the sound “A” in it. Ask your child to take out the picture and name what is depicted on it, emphasizing the sound “A” in his voice.
C) If the child is small, you can play with him the game “Let’s rock the doll Anya.” Ask him to calm the crying girl, rock her, singing the song: “A-A-A.” Explain that to do this, you need to open your mouth wide and sing quietly after you, and then on your own.
Part 6. Fairy of the Mirror Lake
While playing with the bird, the girl did not notice how she ended up on the shore of a large beautiful lake. Its surface resembled a mirror. To continue the journey, Anya needed to cross to the other side, but the boat was nowhere to be found. Leaning over the water to wash herself, she saw herself in the reflection and a beautiful fairy nearby. She asked the girl what her name was and where she was going.
“I will help you, girl, cross to the other side,” said the Sorceress. “But first, listen to my riddle song and tell me what it’s about.”
In a cold mirror reflection, clouds float across the sky, For fish, the home is in the underwater land, Around - the edge of the shore. And if the winter cold blows, It will sparkle with a crust of ice. Frost the artist will draw a fairy tale and the water will sparkle with silver.
- Lake! – Anya cried joyfully. The riddle was very difficult, but the girl had a clue in front of her, and she, of course, immediately guessed it.
As soon as the girl said the answer, the fairy waved her magic wand, and a boat miraculously appeared in front of Anya. She swayed smoothly on the waves, as if inviting her to go on a journey.
“Take a gift from me with you,” said the Fairy and handed the Mirror to the girl...
Part 7. Why are vowels called that?
Looking into the Mirror given by the good fairy, Anya saw an unfamiliar smiling face. It was not her reflection, but someone else's. Attentive eyes looked at her. The Mirror had a nose and a mouth.
“Hello, Anya,” said a voice from the Mirror. - Hurry up and get into the boat, it will take you to the other side.
The girl said goodbye to the fairy and got into the boat, which immediately sailed away from the shore. A light breeze pushed the boat, and it, obeying an invisible will, smoothly glided along the surface of the lake.
- Anya, the good inhabitants of this country are called Vowel sounds. They will gladly share their magical songs with you,” the Mirror sang.
- Why are they called that, Vowels? – Anya became interested.
“Vowels come from the word “Glas”, which in very ancient times meant “Voice” in speech,” the Face in the Mirror explained to her. — The inhabitants of this country are vociferous and singing. That's why they are called that - Vowels.
Part 8. Carefree residents of Glasnaya Strana
A boat with a girl slowly floated along the surface of the lake. It was still a long way to the shore, and in order not to get bored, Anya talked with the magic Mirror that the fairy had given her.
“Tell me something interesting about the inhabitants of this country,” the girl asked the Mirror.
“The life of these residents is carefree. They sing all day long. And you know, these are not simple songs, but magical names of amazing residents. They are called Vowel sounds,” the voice from the Mirror began his story. – Let’s sing their wonderful songs together. Look carefully - when we open our mouth, the breeze flies freely around the tongue outward, nothing interferes with it - neither lips, nor teeth, nor tongue. Raise your palm to your mouth when you sing - you will feel a small breeze.
“Repeat after me,” the Face from the Mirror taught, showing how to pronounce it correctly. - A, O, U, I, Y, E... After him, Anya easily managed to sing these songs.
“I really like the songs of the inhabitants of this country,” said the girl, “I will be happy to be friends with them.”
“We will definitely get to know each of these sounds better and ask them to teach us their magic,” the Mirror supported her.
The boat smoothly floated to the shore, and Anya and the Mirror went ashore. At that same moment the boat disappeared. Near the water there grew a small tree on which Talker was sitting. She happily greeted the girl, waving her wing.
Part 9. Sound U
The sun was shining brightly. The talker, who was carefully watching the girl, took off from a tree branch, flew around Anya and sat down in her path. In her beak she held a ring, which she placed in front of the girl.
“Take my gift, it will be useful to you on your journey,” said the bird and flew away.
“Beautiful,” the girl thought, picked up the ring and put it in her pocket.
Suddenly Anya heard a strange sound coming from behind the trees that grew ahead. The girl’s path just ran through the forest, so she had no choice but to go and see who was singing like that.
The girl saw a sad wolf sitting among the trees. Raising his muzzle upward, he howled:
- UUU...
“What happened,” the girl asked him. - Who hurt you?
The wolf looked at Anya and said that he was just lonely.
“Let’s be friends with you,” the girl suggested.
“I agree,” Gray rejoiced.
In Anya’s pocket, the Mirror became worried and asked to show who the girl was communicating with. Seeing the wolf, it calmed down:
- Good wolf!
- Let's learn to pronounce this sound! – Anya asked her new friend.
Meanwhile the mirror began to sing:
We’ll play with the sound “U”, We’ll honk, we’ll make fun of each other - The sponges sing with a pipe, Let the breeze fly. The tongue does not bother us; it lies and rests.
The wolf stretched out his muzzle and sang with pleasure:
- UUU...
Anya repeated after him.
The mirror in Anya’s hands encouraged and praised both.
The wolf had never had friends before; as a farewell gift, he gave Anya a Toy, which he had recently found in the forest.
Having said goodbye to the girl, he ran away. Anya liked the gift. It was a small Oriole bird. The wolf did not know that she was alive, she was bewitched by the evil Cold.
Part 10. Grandfather Frost
Anya wrapped the bird in a handkerchief she found in her pocket and hugged it close to her.
“So cute, so alive,” said the girl.
- This is not a toy, Anya, it’s a living bird. “She is enchanted,” said the magic mirror.
Anya tried to warm the bird with the warmth of her palms and breathed warm air on it, but it was all in vain. The bird remained motionless.
- What to do? - thought the girl.
“I’ll help you, Anya,” the Talker said from a tree branch. - There is a white clearing in the forest. When it’s summer around, flowers bloom, birds sing, but it’s winter, there’s snow all around. There is a Hut in the middle of the clearing. Grandfather Frost lives there. He will help remove the spell of the evil Cold. I'll show you the way there...
Part 11. Sound I
Anya hurried along the forest path after Govorushka. To help the bewitched Oriole, she had to get to the good wizard - Grandfather Frost.
When a snowy clearing appeared in front of her in the middle of a green forest, the girl gasped. The grass was green all around, the trees were rustling with green leaves, it was warm and summer-like fun, and real winter reigned in the clearing. The snow was turning silver and it was cold.
- Such miracles! – Anya exclaimed.
In response to her voice, a gray-haired old man came out of the Hut that stood in the middle of the clearing.
- Hello, girl, what brought you to my house? - he asked.
“Grandfather, please help me disenchant Oriole,” the girl asked him upset. - She was bewitched by an evil cold.
“It’s not difficult,” the old man smiled. – You just need to sing a song about the sound “I”. The bird's name begins with it. Repeat the words after me.
Let's smile broadly, We'll sing the song easily, The voice sounds playful, “And” it says beautifully. Sponges and teeth do not interfere, the song “I” is not disturbed.
As soon as Anya sang the song with the “I” sound, the bird came to life. Having thanked the old man for his help, the girl continued on her way, and the oriole, as soon as they left the fairy-tale clearing, flew away to her brothers and sisters, waving her wing goodbye to the girl.
Part 12. Crying Cloud
The trees became rarer and rarer. Anya came out onto a flat rocky surface illuminated by the sun. There was a cliff in front of her.
- How can I get to the other side? – she said out loud. – I’ve been through so much, and now I have to go back?
“Don’t be upset, there is a bridge over the cliff, but it’s hidden from view by the Crying Cloud,” said Talker, who was flying after the girl. – Talk to Cloud, ask him to show where the bridge is.
A white cloud hung over the cliff. A little rain poured from his sad eyes. The drops fell down into the river, and from this it became restless and seething.
- Why are you hanging over a cliff and not flying away? – asked the sad cloud Anya. – Why are you crying?
“I was playing with my friends above this cliff, the same clouds as me, and I didn’t notice how I lost the ring. It fell into the river just above this place. That’s why I don’t fly away, but I’m sad and this makes me so whiny...
Part 13. Sound O
“Take my ring,” Anya said and handed the whining Cloud the ring given to her by Talker.
- This is it, my ring, where did you get it from! - Cloud said excitedly.
“I found it on the river bank and gave it to Anya,” said Talker, who had been next to the girl all this time.
“Thank you very much,” Cloud exclaimed joyfully, “how can I thank you?”
“Help me get to the other side, over the cliff,” the girl asked.
The cloud rose up into the air, and immediately a beautiful bridge opened in front of Anya.
“I want to give you a song with the sound “O,” said Cloud and sang:
Let's play with the sound "O", Let's sing it easily! We slightly round our lips and push them forward, nothing interferes with the breeze with the sound “O” - past the tongue, teeth, without effort, effort, admires, sings, invites you to fly with you.
Having sung the song, the contented cloud flew away. And Anya, crossing the bridge over the cliff to the other side, continued on her way...
Part 14. Grandfather Echo
The girl's path lay through a mountain path. Gray stone slopes rose on all sides. A thick, gray veil of fog blocked the girl’s path.
-Where are you, my friend? – the girl asked.
“Ushka...” someone unfamiliar answered her.
- Good bird Talker! – Anya continued to call loudly.
“Ushka...” the unknown voice mimicked her again.
Looking around in surprise and not noticing anyone, Anya called again: “Ay!”
- Aw! - the Stranger repeated after her dully from afar.
- Hello, Invisible Man, let's be friends! – the girl asked timidly.
“...Te...imka...ite...it...” she heard in response.
- What a foreigner! – thought Anya.
- Who are you playing with? “The talker flew up unnoticed and sat quietly for some time, watching.
“Someone is trying to talk to me, but for some reason I don’t understand him.” Apparently, she’s embarrassed and afraid to show herself, so she’s hiding,” the girl explained to her.
“It’s Grandpa Echo who’s playing around,” the bird explained, “he’s bored here alone, sad, and doesn’t want to let you go...”
Part 15. Sound E
Grandfather Echo released a gray fog onto the mountain path. He liked the girl traveler wandering alone through his Kingdom. The Old Hermit had not spoken to anyone for a long time, apparently, therefore all he could do was repeat words after passers-by, and even then not completely. Tricky! And he won’t have time to get tired, not saying the whole word, and there’s no need to work. And the fact that there is no meaning and is incomprehensible - he doesn’t care, he doesn’t understand. Plays for himself, amuses himself.
“Anechka, I know a song that grandfather will like,” said Govorushka.
“E” asks questions, sings interrogatively, arching the back of the tongue, bending it slightly, opening his mouth in amazement, singing his tune.
“But my grandfather’s name also begins with the sound “E,” Anya noted, “Echo!”
“Ho...” Grandpa laughed.
The fog slowly cleared, and a clay pot appeared on a small stone in front of the traveler.
“Anya, grandpa left you a gift,” sang the mirror that Anya took out of her pocket. - It contains sweet honey. Let's go quickly while the road is visible.
Without difficulty, the girl continued on her way, waving goodbye to her kind grandfather.
The mountain path led her to a cave from which a menacing roar was heard...
Part 16. Offended bear
The mountain path ran past a cave in which a bear had settled for some time. He was very angry, his nose and eye hurt. The bear was walking through the forest and smelled the wonderful smell of honey. By smell I found a hollow in the trunk of an old oak tree. He quickly climbed the tree, clinging to the bark with his strong paws and long sharp claws, and was about to start eating the tasty treat, but that was not the case. Out of nowhere, a small bee stung him painfully under the eye, and a second one stung him on the nose. Oh, how he roared! He rolled head over heels from the tree and started running. The bees, although very small, are painfully biting!
The bear reached the cave and now sits in it and cries.
A little girl, whose path lay just past the mountain, was very frightened when she heard a growling voice from the dark depths of the cave.
“Don’t be afraid,” sang the mirror in Anya’s pocket, “it’s a bear.” Treat him to some fragrant sweet honey.
Part 17. Sound Y
The bear was big, but very kind. He was just hurt and offended. Hearing someone talking, he peered out of his hiding place with curiosity. A little girl stood there and held a pot in her hands, from which it smelled so delicious.
Of course, Anya happily gave the honey to the bear. When the contents of the pot were completely eaten, the joyful bear gave Anya a song with the sound “Y” in gratitude:
You smile a little, Make friends with this sound, The tongue is pulled back, The back is slightly stretched. We sing low “Y”, beautifully, The voice sounds playful: - Y...
The well-fed and satisfied bear did not want to sit in the cave any longer, but went back to his forest. Anya only had time to examine his quickly flashing paws.
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Fabulous - game activity No. 1 A fairy tale about the letters A and M: “Mom’s fairy tale”
Classes based on the book “Fairytale School.
“Learning to read” 1. You read a fairy tale to your child, and the child finds in the text and pronounces the letters A and M. A fairy tale about the letters A and M: “Mother’s fairy tale” Morning has come. The sun rose, its gentle rays descended onto the clearing. A woke up in the clearing
, woke up, stretched, looked around and thought: “Who should I play with?
Otherwise, I’m sad alone...” At that time, the Bunny-Jumping Bunny also woke up, jumped out of his house into the clearing and suddenly saw some yellow cuttlefish in the clearing. Out of surprise, he got scared, ran and shouted: “A-A-A!!! Letter A
thought that it was her name and ran after the Bunny.
Bunny-Bunny saw that a yellow cuttlefish was chasing him and ran even faster, and the “cuttlefish” followed him. A disheveled parrot, Chudik, flew in to the screams. The bunny rushed to him: “Save me!” THIS is chasing me!!! The weirdo spread his wings and covered his friend, but he himself also trembled. Letter A
ran up and asked: “Why did you call me?”
- Who am I? - Asked the Bunny - Jumping. - Why did you call her? – asked the Weird, his multi-colored crest was already shaggy, and now it’s even more shaggy. - Who am I? – The Bunny asked again, he was soft and fluffy, but a little cowardly. “Well, not me,” answered the Weird. “I didn’t call anyone, I just got scared and ran,” the Bunny admitted embarrassedly. - But you shouted “A-A-A”! - Said the
letter
A. - Of course, he shouted. - But I am the letter A
... -Are you the letter
A
?
– Chudik and Bunny said together and looked at each other. - Of course, I am the letter A
!
I'm so yellow and wonderful! - The letter A boasted a little and said: - I just wanted to play with you, otherwise I’m the only one sad... - Don’t you bite? - Just in case, the Bunny asked - Jumpy. “Of course not,” laughed the letter A!
The friends also laughed and jumped all together, holding hands, and chanted:
A A A A
Squirrel - Pripevochka was looking at them from a tree branch, she really wanted to play with the
letter
A. She jumped into the clearing and said: “Hello, friends!” Hello, letter A
!
I'm very glad to meet you! - Hello, Squirrel! Let's play with us! It's more fun together! - The letter A suggested, and all the friends jumped up together again, chanting: A A A
- Great!
How fun it is to play with letters! - The weirdo was happy. - Yes exactly! It's great to play together! - Bunny jumped and laughed. The weirdo was so happy that he sang loudly: The cuttlefish has come running! Hee hee hee! Ha ha ha! It turned out to be the letter A
!
Hee hee hee! Ha ha ha! We know, we know, the letter A
!
Hee hee hee! Ha ha ha! What a wonderful beauty! Hee hee hee! Ha ha ha! - Exactly! Hee hee hee! Ha ha ha! – Squirrel laughed and rejoiced. And Bunny also giggled and rejoiced with his friends and the
letter
A. After all, he was no longer afraid of her at all! While the friends were jumping, something rustled behind the bush, and an orange letter M
.
The bunny immediately got scared and hid behind the Weird. - Who are you? – Weird asked in a trembling voice, only the letter A
stood and smiled.
- Of course, I am the letter M
!
Many words begin with me, without me you will be nowhere! - Nice to meet you! How beautiful you are, orange! A
said joyfully .
“And we are pleased,” said the Little Hare, although he was not yet completely sure of this. And the letters A
and
M
immediately liked each other and began to dance together, holding hands, and each chanted:
M
-
A M
-
And
it turned out to be
MA.
Bunny and Parrot also liked this song, and they also began to sing along:
M
-
A M
-
A
it turned out
MA
- And once again all together!
- Chudik suggested, and the friends sang together: MA
-
MA
turned out to
be MOTHER
!!!
M A M A
- Do you hear, we now know the word
MOM
!
HOORAY! – Bunny and Weird shouted joyfully. Everyone jumped up and down, chanting: M A M A MOM MOM
- And now I’m first!
- Said the
letter
A. - Like this? - The weirdo was surprised. A
-
M A
-
M
turned out
AM
- Are you sure you don’t bite?
- Just in case, the Bunny asked - Jumping and already getting ready to jump? - No, we don’t bite! - The letters answered: - We're just having fun! - Yes!? Well, then let's sing together! And everyone sang cheerfully: A
-
M A
-
M
turned out to be
AM
And suddenly the Freak began to sing:
M A M A
- the first word!
The main word! The main word! All over the earth! -Weirdo! What a wonderful song! What an inventor you are! Let's sing it all together! - Squirrel suggested, and the friends sang joyfully: M A M A
- the first word! The main word! The main word! All over the earth! Author: Irina Karavaeva website “Fairytale School” - preparing children for school using fairy tales and games YouTube channel YouTube channel “Fairy tales for mothers and children” 2. Games - activities to reinforce the material (games for each fairy tale with letters you will find in the book "Fairytale School. Learning to Read", as well as cards with letters and finger toys - heroes of fairy tales) 1. Give the child cards with the letters A and M, and he will color them as he likes. It is advisable to secure the cards with tape. It will take 5 minutes, but you can play with the cards for a very long time. 2. THE MAIN GAME FOR TODAY IS AM-AM!!! Every child is bound to make mistakes and it is IMPORTANT that from the very first day of classes he is not afraid to learn! Therefore, as soon as I made a mistake: instead of MA I read AM - we fold our hands as in the picture: - - And this is AM-AM!!! – And we begin to tickle and play with the child. AM-AMA can be played in all classes; as soon as a child makes a mistake, instead of swearing or being strict, we start playing.
3. Game “What’s missing?” — Place cards with the letters A and M in front of the child. — Ask the child to remember how to take a picture and mentally see the letters. — The child closes his eyes, you remove one of the cards. The child’s task is to say which card is missing. While there are not many letters and it is easy for the child to remember, it means that he plays with pleasure, because everything works out for him! We gradually increase the number of letters, add syllables, train our memory and memorize letters and syllables. And now you can change places: now you are guessing. And please, make a mistake a few times, let the child be AMAM and tickle you. Look how much joy and fun there will be!
4. Bowling game. We play skittles, but instead of skittles there will be cards with letters. You put cards against the wall and knock them down with a ball.
5. Games in between - “Word Game” You invite the child to say words in turn that begin with the letter A, then with the letter M. Use your voice to highlight the letter with which the word begins: A-A-Orange, M-Mandarin. If the child makes a mistake and says a word with the wrong letter, say: “Listen,” repeat the word that the child said, again emphasizing the first letter with your voice. You can play on the way to kindergarten, to the store, or while traveling in public transport! This is a convenient and useful activity to keep your child occupied. Try to play words at least 5 minutes a day, but every day.
Dear moms and dads, 3 fabulously playful activities will be posted in the public domain so that you can try working out with your child at home. All 33 fairy tales and more than 100 games with letters can be found in the book “Fairytale School. Learning to read"
Share this information with your friends, let there be more children who love to read!
If you work in a children's development center or kindergarten and want to teach children the alphabet using fairy-tale play methods, write a personal message to the author - Irina Karavaeva.
