Games for the socialization of preschool children of the preparatory group
Speech at the pedagogical council: “Games and exercises that increase the level of social competence of older preschoolers”
“Game is important in a child’s life... What a child is like at play, so in many ways he will be at work when he grows up. Therefore, the education of a future leader occurs, first of all, in the game...” A.S. Makarenko Goal: to promote the development and subsequent active use of modern gaming technologies in the practical activities of the teacher. Objectives: • Contribute to the improvement of the educational process to expand and clarify ideas about play as an important factor in a child’s life. • Encourage teachers to actively interact in joint games and exercises. • Create conditions for relieving tension of participants, developing communication skills and creativity. Participants: educators. Today we live in a very difficult world. Life puts us in difficult situations that require adequate solutions. Only a person who is confident in himself and in his capabilities can achieve high results, develop creative abilities and actively express himself. Socialization that is not formed in older preschool age leads to low academic performance, aggressiveness, and the use of physical force. It is in preschool age that the foundations of a child’s social competence are laid, determining the trajectories of development and successful adaptation in a changing society. Gaming activities occupy a special place in the process of developing the social competence of the younger generation. The influence of play on the formation of social competence skills of a preschooler’s personality lies in the fact that, thanks to playful imitation and role-playing, he becomes acquainted with the norms and models of behavior and relationships between children and adults, which become models for his own behavior. In play, the child acquires the basic skills of social competence necessary to establish contact and develop interaction with the outside world. In pedagogical practice, gaming activities perform the following functions: • Entertaining – entertains, uplifts, gives pleasure, inspires, arouses interest; • Communicative – promotes communication; • Self-realization – gives a person the opportunity to express himself; • Game therapy – helps to overcome various difficulties that arise in life; • Diagnostic – allows you to identify deviations in development and behavior, self-knowledge during the game; • Corrective – allows you to make positive changes in the personality structure; • Interethnic communication – allows you to assimilate socio-cultural values that are common to all people; • Socialization – makes it possible to include a person in the system of social relations and contributes to his assimilation of social norms. It also helps adapt the child to environmental conditions, helps fight stress, promotes self-regulation, and teaches communication. Today I would like to share with you techniques, games and exercises that you can use in the future with children in order to maintain and strengthen their psychological health and increase their level of social competence. The game situations that I will introduce to you today encourage children to draw closer to each other and to the teacher on the basis of empathy for both the situation itself and its participants, and not only for those events that require sympathy and participation, but also for joyful, cheerful events. The purpose of the techniques and exercises is to create a sense of belonging to a peer group. The content of the exercises is aimed at attracting attention to the partner, his appearance, mood, actions, deeds; The main method is direct interaction. All this expands our understanding of ourselves, those around us, and our actions, and thereby increases the level of social competence of our children. In order not to waste too much time, I suggest that you immediately begin the practical part of our mini-training and first become good wizards. Game “Good Wizards” Teachers stand in a circle. The presenter tells a fairy tale: “In one country there lived an evil wizard - a rude man. He could bewitch you by calling you a bad word. Everyone he called rudely stopped laughing and could not be kind. It was possible to disenchant the unfortunate man only with kind, affectionate names. Let's disenchant everyone (they call each other by affectionate good names). • In what cases can this game be used? (to raise the mood of children, after a quarrel, to a certain topic of kindness, mutual assistance, etc.). • What does it teach? (communication, the ability to be kinder, more polite, help each other). Exercise “Name-calling” (ball) Purpose:
to remove verbal aggression, to help children throw out anger in an acceptable form.
Tell the children the following: “Guys, passing the ball around, let’s call each other different harmless words (the condition of what names can be used is discussed in advance. These can be the names of vegetables, fruits, mushrooms or furniture). Each appeal should begin with the words: “And you, ..., carrot!” Remember that this is a game, so we won’t be offended at each other. In the final circle, you should definitely say something nice to your neighbor, for example: “And you, .... Sun!" The game is useful not only for aggressive, but also for touchy children. It should be carried out at a fast pace, warning the children that this is only a game and they should not be offended by each other. Exercise “Lost Girl” Purpose:
to promote the development of self-esteem in children.
The children sit in a circle, the presenter “makes an announcement on the radio”: “Attention, attention, a girl (boy) is lost...” - and then describes the appearance and clothing of one of the children. Anyone who recognizes himself needs to shout loudly: “I found myself (found myself), I came to see you in kindergarten (came).” Next, I will talk about ways that will help you calm down a very active, naughty child, involving him in play activities, setting him up for constructive behavior: If the child runs around non-stop, screams in a voice that is not his own, rolls on the floor, makes chaotic movements with his arms and legs and completely If he doesn’t hear what you say to him, catch him, hug him and in a quiet voice invite him to play. 1. Agree with your baby that as soon as you press on his nose, he will immediately turn off. You can expand on this idea by drawing a remote control (or use an unwanted TV remote). Press the button on the remote control and say: turn down the volume (turn off the sound, turn on slowdown). Let the child follow the commands. 2. Invite your child to imagine himself as a whale. Let him take a deep breath and dive into the depths. The whale can be given instructions to swim to different continents or look for something at the bottom. 3. Ask your child to close his eyes and sit still, waiting for a certain signal. For example, when the bell rings for the third time. Or ask your child to do something with his eyes closed (put the car on the table, collect cubes from the floor). 4. Take a napkin (or a piece of wood) and throw it up. Tell your child that while the napkin is falling, you need to laugh as loudly as possible. But as soon as it falls, you should immediately shut up. Play together with your child. Exercise “I can!” (ball) Purpose:
to promote the development of self-esteem in children.
Children throw a ball around and loudly list what they can do well. For example: “I can swim well!”, “I can draw well!”, etc. “The Steadfast Tin Soldier” technique Goal:
relieving psycho-emotional stress, developing the ability to understand one’s emotional state and the ability to express it.
Tell your child: “When you are very excited and cannot stop, pull yourself together, stand on one leg and bend the other at the knee, lower your arms at your sides. You are a staunch soldier at your post, you carry out your service honestly, look around, notice what is happening around you, who is doing what, who needs help. Now change your leg and look even more closely. Well done! You are a real protector! Technique “Pull yourself together” Purpose:
relieving psychophysical stress.
The child is told: “As soon as you feel that you are worried, you want to hit someone, throw something, there is a very simple way to prove your strength to yourself: clasp your elbows with your palms and press your hands tightly to your chest - this is the pose of a self-possessed person.” Game “Naughty Pillows” (pillow) Purpose:
to provide the child with the opportunity to “legally” display disobedience.
An adult tells the children that naughty pillows have appeared in their study room. When you throw them at each other, they say “naughty” words, for example: “I don’t want to study... I won’t eat...”, etc. Then the presenter invites the children to play with such pillows. The game takes place as follows: a couple plays - an adult and a child, the rest watch what is happening. All the children take turns playing. It is very important that “naughty” words are spoken not only by the child, but also by the adult. Exercise “Picture” (picture) I invite 5 participants for the next exercise. Four go out the door, one stays and receives the task: “You are in an art gallery, and you liked one painting very much, you have a minute to look at it, then you tell your friend what you saw. Pay attention to the foreground, the background, etc.” After a minute, the picture is removed. The second participant comes in and the first begins his story with the words: “Yesterday I was in an art gallery and saw there - ....” The second one tries to carefully remember the information and pass it on to the third: “My friend was in an art gallery yesterday, and saw there - ...”, and so on until the end. The last participant sums it up: “A friend of a friend was in an art gallery and saw there:...”. After this, the picture is shown to those who have not seen it. Please share your observations and difficulties encountered during the exercise. What do you think this exercise teaches, what develops? Develops attention, auditory and visual memory, observation, speech, teaches interpersonal interaction, communication ethics (transferring someone else’s words to another, thinking through, inventing any words or actions for another in psychology is called “causal attribution.” We must teach cultural interaction and attentive towards each other. Please stay, participants in this exercise for a short game. Game “Tuh-Tibi-Duh” “I’ll tell you a secret special word. This is a magic spell against bad mood, against insults and disappointments... Now you will begin to walk around room, without talking to anyone. As soon as you want to talk, stop in front of one of the participants, look into his eyes and three times, angrily, say the magic word: “Tuh-tibi-duh.” Then continue walking around the room. From time to time time, stop in front of someone and again angrily and angrily pronounce this magic word. For the magic word to work, you need to say it not into emptiness, but looking into the eyes of the person standing in front of you. There is a comical paradox in this game. Although children are supposed to say the word "Tuh-tibi-duh" angrily, after a while they can't help but laugh. Goal:
removing negative moods and restoring strength. Dear colleagues, in fact, there are a lot of games and exercises for the development of social competence. And you can familiarize yourself with them in the collection that I compiled for you. You can borrow it from me and use it, watch it, read it, get recommendations for a particular game or exercise. Do you have any questions for me? I hope you enjoyed the mini-training. If yes, you can nod. Thank you for participating!
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Direction “Social and personal development”. Preparatory group for school (from 6 to 7 years old)
Educational field "Socialization"
The content of the educational field “Socialization” is aimed at achieving the goals of mastering initial ideas of a social nature and including children in the system of social relations through solving the following tasks:
- development of children's play activities;
- familiarization with elementary generally accepted norms and rules of relationships with peers and adults (including moral ones);
- the formation of gender, family, citizenship, patriotic feelings, a sense of belonging to the world community.
Development of gaming activities
Continue to develop children's independence in organizing all types of games, following rules and norms of behavior.
Develop initiative and organizational skills. Develop the ability to act in a team.
| Role-playing games | Strengthen the ability to take on various roles in accordance with the plot of the game; use attributes, constructors, building materials. Encourage children to organize their own game in their own way, independently select and create the items missing for the game (tickets for playing in the theater, money for shopping). To promote the creative use in games of ideas about the surrounding life, impressions of works of literature, cartoons. Develop creative imagination, the ability to jointly develop a game, coordinating one’s own game plan with the plans of peers. Continue to develop the ability to negotiate, plan and discuss the actions of all players. Cultivate goodwill, a willingness to help out a peer: the ability to take into account the interests and opinions of fellow players, and resolve disputes fairly. |
| Outdoor games | Strengthen the ability to use outdoor games of various content in independent activities. Strengthen the ability to fairly evaluate the results of the game. Develop interest in folk games. |
| Theatrical games | To develop the independence of preschool children in organizing theatrical games. Improve the ability to independently choose a fairy tale, poem, song for production; prepare the necessary attributes and decorations for the future performance; distribute responsibilities and roles among themselves. Develop creative independence, aesthetic taste in conveying an image; clarity of pronunciation. Strengthen the ability to use expressive means (posture, gestures, facial expressions, intonation, movements). Cultivate a love of theater. Widely use different types of theater in children's theatrical activities (bibabo, finger theater, cup theater, picture theater, glove theater, puppet theater, etc.). To develop the skills of theatrical culture, to introduce them to theatrical art through watching theatrical productions and video materials. Tell children about the theater and theatrical professions. Help to comprehend artistic images created by means of theatrical expressiveness (lighting, makeup, music, words, choreography, scenery, etc.). |
| Didactic games | Strengthen children's ability to play various didactic games (logo, mosaic, spillikins, etc.). Develop the ability to organize games and play the role of a leader. Strengthen the ability to coordinate your actions with the actions of the leader and other participants in the game. Develop intelligence and the ability to independently solve a given problem. Involve in the creation of some didactic games (“Noisemakers”, “Rustlers”, etc.). Develop and strengthen sensory abilities. |
Introducing basic generally accepted norms and rules of relationships with peers and adults (including moral ones)
Continue to foster friendly relationships between children, the habit of playing together, working together, and engaging in independently chosen activities.
Develop the ability to negotiate and help each other; the desire to please elders with good deeds.
Continue to develop a respectful attitude towards others. Explain to children that they should not interfere in adults’ conversations; It is important to listen to your interlocutor and not interrupt unnecessarily.
Continue to cultivate a caring attitude towards children and the elderly; desire to help them.
Develop qualities such as empathy, responsiveness, fairness, modesty, and collectivism.
Develop the ability to calmly defend your opinion.
Develop strong-willed qualities: the ability to limit one’s desires, rise to the demands of adults and fulfill established standards of behavior, and follow a positive example in one’s actions.
Continue to enrich your vocabulary with formulas of verbal politeness: greetings, farewells, requests, apologies).
Formation of gender, family, citizenship, patriotic feelings, a sense of belonging to the world community
| Image of I. | Develop ideas about the time perspective of the individual, about the change in a person’s position with age (a child attends kindergarten, a schoolchild studies, an adult works, an elderly person passes on his experience to other generations). Deepen the child’s understanding of himself in the past, present and future. Expand children's understanding of their responsibilities, primarily in connection with preparation for school. |
| Family. | Expand children's understanding of family history in the context of the history of their native country (the role of each generation in different periods of the country's history). Tell children about the military awards of their grandparents and parents. Consolidate knowledge of home address and telephone number, names and patronymics of parents, and their professions. |
| Kindergarten. | To form an image of oneself as an active member of the team through project activities involving children of younger age groups and parents, participation in the life of a preschool institution (adaptation of younger preschoolers, preparation for holidays, performances, competitions in kindergarten and beyond, etc.). Involve children in creating a developmental environment for a preschool institution (mini-museums, exhibitions, libraries, design workshops, etc.). |
| Home country. | Expand your understanding of your native land. Continue to introduce the sights of the region in which the children live. Deepen and clarify ideas about the Motherland - Russia. Maintain children's interest in events taking place in the country and cultivate a sense of pride in its achievements. To consolidate knowledge about the flag, coat of arms and anthem of Russia (the anthem is performed during a holiday or other solemn event; when the anthem sounds, everyone stands up, and men and boys take off their hats). Expand ideas about Moscow - the main city, the capital of Russia. Continue to expand knowledge about public holidays. To tell children about Yu. A. Gagarin and other space heroes, we cultivate respect for people of different nationalities and their customs. |
| Our army. | Deepen knowledge about the Russian army. Foster respect for the defenders of the Fatherland, for the memory of fallen soldiers: lay flowers with children at obelisks and monuments. |
| Our planet. | Tell children that the Earth is our common home; there are many different countries on Earth. Explain how important it is to live in peace with all peoples, to know and respect their culture, customs and traditions. Expand your understanding of your belonging to the human community, the childhood of children in other countries, the rights of children in the world (Declaration of the Rights of the Child), domestic and international organizations involved in the observance of children’s rights (guardianship authorities, UNESCO, etc.) Give basic ideas about personal freedom as an achievement for humanity. |
Educational field "Labor"
The content of the educational field “Labor” is aimed at achieving the goal of developing a positive attitude towards work through solving the following tasks:
- development of labor activity;
- fostering a value-based attitude towards one’s own work, the work of other people and its results;
- the formation of primary ideas about the work of adults, its role in society and the life of each person.
Development of work activity
Foster the need to work.
| Self-service. | Strengthen the ability to dress and undress independently and quickly, put clothes in a closet, put shoes in place, dry wet things if necessary, care for shoes (wash, wipe, clean). Get used to taking dishes to the sink after meals and putting them neatly in the sink. Strengthen the ability to notice and eliminate disorder in one’s appearance, tactfully inform a friend about the need to correct something in a suit or hairstyle. Strengthen the ability to prepare materials and aids for class independently and in a timely manner, without being reminded to clean your workplace. |
| Household work. | Strengthen the ability to maintain order in the group and on the site: wipe and wash toys, building materials, repair books and toys together with the teacher (including books and toys for pupils of younger groups). Continue to strengthen the ability to independently restore order in the kindergarten area: sweep and clear paths of debris, and in winter - of snow; water the sand in the sandbox; decorate the area for the holidays. Strengthen the ability to independently, quickly and beautifully clean the bed after sleep. Accustom them to conscientiously perform the duties of the dining room attendants: fully setting the tables and wiping them after meals, sweeping the floor. |
| Labor in nature. | Foster hard work, observation, and respect for the environment. Strengthen the ability to independently and responsibly perform the duties of an attendant in a corner of nature: watering indoor plants, loosening the soil. wash feeders, prepare food for fish, birds, guinea pigs, etc. In the fall, involve children in harvesting vegetables from the garden, collecting seeds, digging up bulbs, flower tubers, digging up beds, replanting flowering plants from the ground into a corner of nature. In winter, involve in shoveling snow from tree trunks and shrubs, growing green food for birds and animals (inhabitants of a corner of nature), planting root crops, and growing flowers for the holidays with the help of a teacher. In the spring, involve children in digging up soil in the garden and flower garden, sowing seeds (vegetables, flowers), and planting seedlings. In summer, involve in loosening the soil, weeding and hilling, watering beds and flower beds. |
| Manual labor | Working with paper and cardboard. Strengthen the ability to fold rectangular, square, and round paper in different directions (cap); use paper of different textures, make markings using a template; create fun toys (an exercise bear, a pecking cockerel, etc.). To develop the ability to create objects from strips of colored paper (mat, rug, bookmark), select colors and their shades when making toys, souvenirs, costume parts and decorations for the holidays. Develop the ability to use a sample. Teach children to create three-dimensional toys using the origami technique. Working with fabric. Develop the ability to thread a needle and tie a knot; sew on a button, hanger; sew simple items (a bag for seeds, an apron for dolls, a pincushion) using a “forward needle” stitch. Strengthen the ability to make applique using pieces of fabric of various textures (silk for a butterfly, a flannel for a bunny, etc.), draw an outline using a chalk and cut out in accordance with the intended plot. Working with natural materials. Strengthen the ability to create figures of people, animals, birds from acorns, pine cones, seeds, grass, branches, roots and other materials, convey the expressiveness of the image, create general compositions (“Forest Glade”, “Fairy-Tale Characters”). In the process of work, develop fantasy and imagination. Strengthen the ability to use materials carefully and economically. |
Fostering a value-based attitude towards one’s own work, the work of other people and its results
Teach children to diligently and carefully carry out assignments, take care of materials and objects, and put them back in their place after work.
Cultivate a desire to participate in joint work activities on an equal basis with everyone else, the desire to be useful to others, and to delight in the results of collective work.
Formation of primary ideas about the work of adults, its role in society and the life of each person
Expand children's understanding of the work of adults, the importance of their work as adults for society. Foster respect for working people.
Continue to develop interest in various professions, in particular, the professions of parents and their place of work.
Continue to introduce children to professions related to the specifics of their hometown (village).
Educational field "Security"
The content of the educational field “Safety” is aimed at achieving the goals of forming the foundations of the safety of one’s own life and forming the prerequisites for environmental consciousness (safety of the surrounding world) through solving the following tasks:
- formation of ideas about situations that are dangerous for humans and the natural world and methods of behavior in them;
- familiarization with the rules of behavior that is safe for humans and the natural world around them;
- transferring to children knowledge about road safety rules as a pedestrian and a passenger in a vehicle;
- developing a cautious and prudent attitude towards situations that are potentially dangerous to humans and the natural world.
Formation of the foundations for the safety of one’s own life activities
Strengthen the ability to follow the rules of being in kindergarten.
Strengthen the ability to say your last name and first name; last name, first name and patronymic of parents, home address and telephone number.
Reinforce the knowledge that, if necessary, adults call “01” (in case of fire), “02” (call the police), “03” (Ambulance).
Remind children that careless handling of fire or electrical appliances may result in a fire.
About road safety rules.
Strengthen children's ideas about the rules of behavior with strangers.
Strengthen knowledge about traffic rules and behavior on the street. Expand knowledge about traffic lights.
Strengthen children's knowledge about special transport.
Reinforce knowledge about the rules of behavior in public transport.
We remind you that you can ride a bike only in the presence of adults, without disturbing others.
Formation of prerequisites for environmental consciousness
Continue to develop skills in a culture of behavior in nature. Expand your understanding of how to properly interact with plants and animals,
Expand the idea that everything in nature is interconnected (for example, the same plant can be poisonous to humans and medicinal to animals, etc.).
Remind children not to pick plants or eat them.
Reinforce the idea that you should dress for the weather.
