Drawing “Leaves are spinning...”
Preliminary work:
- Conversation, games, reading and memorizing poems, observing while walking, looking at illustrations on the topic.
Didactic support for the lesson:
Illustrations with an autumn landscape, an autumn costume, a basket with leaves, brushes, paints in red, orange, yellow, sheets with an applique or a picture of a tree, an image of the sun, a tree leaf cut out of white paper - for each child, information cards with rules of conduct in forest.
Program content:
— Educational objectives : continue to introduce children to brushes and paints, teach how to hold a brush correctly and use paint carefully. Strengthen the ability to apply strokes to a sheet using the entire surface of the sheet. Activate your verb dictionary. Draw children's attention to the beauty of the world around them, reinforce the rules of behavior in nature - in the forest;
— Developmental tasks: develop fine motor skills of the fingers, memory, imagination, logical thinking;
— Educational objectives: to cultivate an emotionally positive attitude towards drawing, the ability to work together. Treats natural objects with care and attention.
Lesson structure:
Introductory part (2 - 3 min)
Goal: creating an emotional mood for the lesson.
Methodological techniques: surprise moment, appeal to children’s personal experience.
Main part (9 - 10 min)
Goal: implementation of program content tasks.
Methodological techniques: a surprise moment, showing paintings with autumn landscapes, questions from the teacher to the children, physical education, independent activity of children, breathing exercise, display of work.
Final part (1 - 2 min):
Purpose: to summarize the lesson.
Methodological techniques: questions from the teacher.
Stages of work:
Introductory part:
The group includes a teacher in an autumn costume with a basket, on a magnetic board there are illustrations with autumn landscapes: Isaac Levitan “Golden Autumn”, A.M. Vasnetsov “Autumn Branch”, Yu.Yu. Clover "Autumn Landscape".
Educator: - Hello my dears, guess who I am? (children's answer: autumn)
Let's look at the pictures:
In a golden carriage, with a playful horse, Autumn galloped through the forests and fields. The good sorceress changed everything: She painted the Earth bright yellow. From the sky the sleepy month marvels at the Miracle. Everything around is sparkling, Everything is shimmering. (Yu. Kapustina)
— Guys, what happens in the fall? (Children's answers: the leaves turn yellow and fall, a cold wind blows, it rains.)
- I want to invite you on a journey through the autumn forest, but first let’s remember how to behave in the forest. (Children talk about the rules of behavior in the forest using information cards).
- Well done, now we are ready for the journey, go ahead!
Main part:
Educator: Guys, we are in the autumn forest! I know the magic words and now I will turn you into autumn leaves. Spin and turn into autumn leaves!
Game "Leaves"
We are autumn leaves, we sit on the branches. (sit down) The wind blew - we flew, We flew, we flew (easy running in a circle) And we sat down quietly on the ground. (sit down) The wind came again and picked up all the leaves. (easy running in a circle) They spun, flew and sat quietly on the ground. (sit down)
Educator: And I have a few riddles for you:
Autumn came to visit us and brought with it... What? Say it at random! Well, of course... Answer (Leaf fall)
It had been hanging on a branch since spring, It was green - it turned yellow, Just a weak wind blew, It already flew away. Answer (Leaf)
The days have become shorter, the nights have become longer, Who can say, who knows, When does this happen? Answer (in autumn)
Educator: Well done. That's right. Now look, I have a lot of leaves in my basket. Let's take a closer look at them. What trees are these leaves from? (from maple, from birch, from rowan, from oak)
- What color are they? (yellow, orange, red). The teacher and the children examine the leaves and name their color.
- Oh, there are still a lot of white leaves in my basket... Can you help me decorate them? (Children's answer: yes.)
The teacher hands out white leaves to the children and invites them to paint the leaves for autumn. The children sit at the tables.
Educator: - The brushes came to visit us again. They brought with them yellow, orange and red paint. We will paint the leaves with brushes.
The teacher demonstrates coloring techniques. Then he places the paint on the tables. First, the children paint with one paint, then the teacher changes the sockets with paint to a different color. Help children individually.
Educator: - And now we will admire our works.
Looking at the leaves:
What a wonder, what a wonder!
Everything became beautiful all around.
Bright leaves are flying, lying on the ground everywhere!
Breathing exercise “ Autumn leaves”:
The text is pronounced only by the teacher.
A light breeze blows and the leaf shakes. (Exhale calmly, relaxed).
A strong breeze is blowing and the leaf is shaking. (The force of exhalation gradually increases.)
Autumn leaves are flying, flying, flying, Autumn leaves are saying to children:
Aspen - A-A-A, Rowan - I-I-I, Birch - O-O-O, Oak - U-U-U.
(Singing vowels).
Final part:
Educator: - Well, now it’s time to go back to kindergarten. Spin and turn and turn into children!
- Who were you now? (leaves)
—What types of autumn leaves are there? (yellow, red)
— What is the name of the natural phenomenon when leaves fall from a tree? (leaf fall)
- At what time of year does leaf fall occur? (autumn)
— What time of year is it now? (autumn)
- Well done.
Reflection: - Let's remember what we did today? (they played, guessed riddles, painted leaves, talked about the leaves and what he could do).
- Goodbye, guys! Autumn is leaving, the lesson is over.
Used Books:
1. River L. About classes on speech development. / Preschool Education, 10, 1990
2. Shvaiko S. Games and gaming exercises for speech development. - M, 2008
3. Kovalko V.I. The ABCs of physical education lessons for preschoolers: Practical development of physical education minutes, game exercises, gymnastic complexes and outdoor games (middle, high school, preparatory groups). - M.: VAKO, 2005. -176 p. — (Preschoolers: we teach, develop, educate).
Lesson summary on the topic “Autumn color of leaves of trees and shrubs”
LESSON SUMMARY ON THE TOPIC “AUTUMN COLOR OF LEAVES OF TREES AND SHRUBS. LEAF FALL"
Author - compiler:
Grigorieva Irina Evgenievna, teacher of additional education at the MBU DO “Station of Young People” in the city of Vyazma, Smolensk region.
Goals:
introduce children to the autumn phenomenon - leaf fall, the reasons for leaf fall; teach children to identify plant leaves with autumn colors; nurturing love for the nature of the native land, nurturing aesthetic feelings.
Equipment:
magnifying glasses
,
colored pencils, coloring book “Leaves of Trees and Shrubs”, cards “What kind of trees are these?”
Visual aids:
herbarium of leaves of trees and shrubs with autumn color; maple branch;
Progress of the lesson:
I.Organizational moment.
II . 1. Report the topic and objectives of the lesson.
Hello guys! Today we will start our lesson with a riddle.
Yellow wings of aspen, birch, Red wings of ash, oak and rose, They circle and rustle in the air. It's autumn... (Leaf fall)
So, the topic of our lesson: “Autumn color of trees and shrubs. Leaf fall"
2. Story with demonstration.
What color are the leaves on trees and shrubs in summer? What color are the leaves in autumn? Why do you think?
The fact is that chlorophyll gives the leaf its green color. It is easily destroyed under the influence of light, and it is formed again in the plant (but only in the light). In summer, the formation of chlorophyll keeps pace with its destruction, and the leaf remains green all the time. There are other coloring substances in leaves besides chlorophyll.
Experience (scheme)
Green leaves + alcohol = leaves will turn pale, alcohol will turn green;
Green alcohol + gasoline = gasoline will turn green, alcohol will turn yellow.
From experience it is clear that in the leaves, in addition to green particles, there are also particles of a different color, but in the summer there is a lot of light and there are more green particles, they drown out the others. In autumn, leaf activity begins to fade. There is little light, the formation of chlorophyll lags behind destruction. Less and less “green paint” remains in the foliage, and yellow coloring substances become more and more noticeable; the leaf turns yellow.
Different species of trees and shrubs acquire different autumn colors. Let's look at a herbarium of leaves of trees and shrubs with autumn color.
Have you noticed that some trees and shrubs are only yellow in autumn? These are birch, linden, ash, oak, and willow. But the leaves of maple and aspen can be yellow and red. The leaves of rowan, euonymus, and barberry are colored red in autumn. Along with this, some remain green for a very long time (lilac, alder).
The fastest trees to change color are maples, lindens, bird cherry, aspen, ash, and hazel. Later rowan, viburnum, elderberry, willow.
In cloudy, damp autumn, the leaves remain green longer, because... chlorophyll is actively destroyed in the light, and other coloring substances are formed.
What other autumn phenomenon associated with plant life can be observed?
Leaf fall. Trees prepare for leaf fall in advance, even in the summer.
Let's take a closer look at the maple branch. Look, a bud is formed in the axil of the leaf petiole, and reserves of nutrients are deposited in the wood cells. Spring will come and, thanks to these reserves, a young shoot with leaves will develop from the bud. Pay attention to the maple leaf. Use a magnifying glass to examine the base of the leaf petiole. Here, by autumn, a cork layer forms. It’s like a partition separating the leaf petiole from the branch. Therefore, in the fall, leaves leave their native tree without much difficulty at the slightest breath of wind.
Increased leaf fall begins after the first frost. It occurs differently not only in different breeds, but even in the same breed. In city gardens and parks, birch leaves fall in a shorter time than in forests. Young trees shed their leaves later than older trees. Sick trees are more likely to lose leaves than healthy ones.
Why do trees and shrubs shed their leaves in autumn?
It turns out there are several reasons:
1.First of all, leaf fall saves plants from drying out. Trees need a lot of water, but in winter there is none. Imagine that a birch tree evaporates up to 7 tons of water during the warm months. If the trees did not shed their leaves, they would die from drought. Coniferous trees evaporate much less moisture than deciduous trees. Pine and spruce evaporate water so economically that they are not afraid of “winter water famine.”
2. In addition, if the trees did not shed their leaves, a large amount of snow would accumulate on their branches. The branches broke under its weight.
3. During the spring and summer period, a huge amount of harmful substances accumulate in the leaves of plants. Which they get rid of during leaf fall.
3. Physical school
We, the autumn leaves, sat on the branches. The wind blew and they flew. We flew, we flew. And they sat down quietly on the ground. The wind came again. And he picked up all the leaves. He turned them over and around. And he lowered it to the ground.
(Children imitate the actions of the “leaves” in accordance with the text of the poem: they squat, fly around the room, sit quietly again, rise, spin and sit again.)
4. Autumn signs
Since ancient times, people have watched the leaves of trees and shrubs fall. Based on their observations, folk signs emerged:
1. If in autumn a leaf from a birch or oak tree falls uncleanly, expect a harsh winter.
2. Late leaf fall - for a harsh and long winter.
3.If the leaves on the trees turn yellow early in the summer, then it will be early autumn.
4. Premature leaf fall - for early winter.
5. If in the fall the leaves fall off the trees quickly, then expect a harsh winter.
6. Late leaf fall means a difficult year: the winter will be long and protracted.
7. If the leaves fall cleanly from the birch and aspen, then next year will be fruitful.
However, in Rus' they watched not only how and when leaf fall began, but also watched how a falling leaf lays on the ground:
1. If an autumn leaf lies face up on the ground, then the winter will be cold; inside out – warm; half face - the winter will be moderate, and cold and warmth will alternate.
2. If in the fall birch leaves begin to turn yellow from the top of the tree, then spring will be early, and if from below, it will be late.
5.Working with cards “What kind of trees are these?”
The leaves have fallen off. Find out what kind of trees are in front of you by their trunks and branches.
6.Coloring the coloring book “Leaves of Trees and Shrubs”
Here are coloring pages of leaves of trees and shrubs. Let's determine which plants they belong to. Now you should paint the leaves the color they are in autumn.
Coloring exhibition “Waltz of the Leaves”
III . Summing up the lesson.
