Updating the developmental subject-spatial environment of the second junior group of kindergarten.
Tatyana Mukhina
Updating the developmental subject-spatial environment of the second junior group of kindergarten.
Everyone knows that, in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard for Preschool Education, a developing subject-spatial environment is part of the educational environment , represented by specially organized space, materials, equipment and inventory for the development of preschool children in accordance with the characteristics of each age stage, protecting and strengthening them health, taking into account the characteristics and correction of deficiencies in their development . The organization of a developing subject-spatial environment is especially relevant , since it makes it possible to develop the individuality of each child, taking into account his inclinations, interests, and level of activity.
A developing subject-spatial environment must be content-rich, transformable, multifunctional, accessible, variable and safe. We all know that children’s activity centers should be created groups . Today I want to bring to your attention one of the centers -
.
Watching the activities of the children on a walk, I noticed that playing with sand was monotonous, so the idea came to update it
in
the group .
Dear teachers! I invite you to our “ Sand Courtyard ”
There is a shelf nearby, and it tells the children that everyone needs instruments to play properly.
Various toys, Sponges and shells, Pebbles, funnels, Jars and nets, Tubes and sprinklers, Everything you need to play.
You can use objects , pour, dig, pour, and, of course, be sure to follow the Rules for everyone, in our sandy , only play in pairs.
How to arrange drainage
A drainage system is the most common and effective method of permanently draining a swamp in a summer cottage or near a country house. Drainage ensures the outflow of water outside the land. Typically, open or closed drainage systems are installed. There are also deep and point drainage, but they are used less frequently. The point of such drainage is that the water is discharged through a pipeline outside the site.
Open drainage
Open drainage is a system of ditches located on a slope. Through them, water flows into drainage wells or beyond the boundaries of the site. The distance between them is at least 6 m. It is better not to do them around buildings, this can lead to deformation of the foundation. Such ditches are made with sloping walls, the depth is at least 40-50 cm.
A variant of such a system is backfill drainage. The bottom of the ditch is laid out with geotextiles, then filled with gravel or stones to 2/3 of the depth. Fine gravel is poured on top, and then a layer of sand and soil.
The easiest way to drain the area is with trenches filled with gravel Source strojdvor.ru
This method is most often used if the soil is clayey. It helps drain water during floods and heavy rains, preventing the soil from becoming saturated with moisture. For soil with a lot of sand, this system is not used. This method is also not suitable for high groundwater levels.
The disadvantages of such a system include a reduction in the usable area of the site. This can be avoided by breaking a ditch near the fence. In addition, such trenches quickly become clogged with debris and leaves, and they have to be cleaned regularly.
See also: Catalog of companies that specialize in landscape design and gardening.
Closed drainage
A closed drainage system is a more complex but effective way to remove excess moisture. It will quickly help remove water and prevent its further accumulation. This method is also used to lower the groundwater level.
Closed drainage is installed using special PVC pipes buried in the ground. There are holes on their walls through which water from the soil enters them. To prevent clogging, the pipes are wrapped in geotextile. They need to be buried below the soil freezing level. The ditches are located at a slope, directed towards drainage wells.
Briefly about the main thing
If the site is located on clay soils or in a lowland, it may need to be drained.
This procedure is complex, but quite feasible. If you choose the right drainage method, taking into account the characteristics of the soil and the depth of groundwater, you can get rid of the problem.
For this purpose, open or closed drainage is most often used, ensuring the outflow of water into drainage wells.
If the area is very waterlogged, it may need to be raised. And to get rid of moisture during rains, it is enough to plant moisture-loving plants on the site.
Moisture-loving plants
If you are wondering how to drain a site with your own hands at no cost, you can consider the option of planting moisture-loving plants. This method will be effective only in small swamps and if there is no urgent need to remove water.
By using plants that require a lot of water, you can lower the groundwater level and speed up the drying out of the area after rains and floods. This will also help decorate the area. Willow, maple, poplar, alder and birch are used.
If you need plants that grow faster, you can plant shrubs: hawthorn, viburnum, serviceberry, rose hips. This is an ideal way not only to reduce the amount of water on the site, but also to create a hedge. There are also moisture-loving herbaceous plants. These are perennial flowers: iris, aster, aquilegia. You can plant cranberries and blueberries.
To remove excess moisture, moisture-loving plants are planted on the site Source yandex.net
Raising the area
If the groundwater level is high or if the area is very swampy, only raising the site can help. It is backfilled with soil. This is a complex and expensive method, but effective. It consists of several stages.
- Drawing up a detailed plan indicating aquifers, clayey areas, voids.
- Demolition of all buildings, clearing of debris.
- Laying a drainage system, preferably a closed type.
- Before backfilling begins, a strip foundation is laid around the perimeter of the site.
- Then the soil is covered in layers of 10-15 cm. Sand and crushed stone are usually used. Each layer is laid with geotextiles, compacted, and compacted. After this, you need to wait 2-3 weeks for the soil to shrink.
- Fertile soil is poured on top.
- Then you need to sow the soil with cereal crops. They have an extensive root system that will secure the fill.
To get rid of excess moisture, you may need to raise the level of the area Source marc2000.ru
When is it necessary to drain the area?
Large puddles appear in a suburban area when water does not seep into the ground during rains or floods. This happens if the soil is clayey or the groundwater level is high. And if the area is in a lowland, water flows onto it from above. The presence of large bodies of water or swamps nearby also affects the humidity level.
In all these cases, for normal living and harvesting, it is necessary to drain the area from groundwater. The problem can be detected in spring or autumn. Flooding usually occurs in the off-season, when the snow melts or there is a lot of rain. You can see places where moisture accumulates.
If a plot of land is purchased in the summer, you can also understand that it is flooded. This is detected by the following signs:
- doors and frames are warped, cracks are visible on the walls;
- smell of dampness, mold visible in the corners;
- there is water in the basement;
- a lot of mosquitoes, snakes, frogs;
- Weeds are dominated by nettle, wormwood, hemlock, and also a lot of reeds.
Prolonged accumulation of moisture near the house will lead to the appearance of mold, unpleasant odor, and deformation Source stroyfora.ru
Video description
You can see how to properly arrange drainage on a site in this video:
Step-by-step work on arranging a closed drainage system looks like this:
- First you need to plan on paper the optimal passage of the ditches. They should be located no closer than 2.5 m from trees.
- Then mark the area according to the plan.
- Dig trenches.
- Pour a layer of 10-15 cm of coarse sand.
- Lay geotextiles and pour gravel on it.
- Lay pipes wrapped in geotextile.
- Fill the space around the pipes with medium gravel until there is 20 cm left to the ground level.
- Cover with the edges of geotextile, fill the trench with small pebbles and soil.
To install a closed drainage system, special pipes are laid in trenches Source landscapevkazan.rf
