Regime in kindergarten by groups - rules of nutrition, activities and rest

Regimen for a child aged from one year to one and a half years The daily regimen of a child aged from 1 year to 1 year 6 months should ensure sufficient duration of sleep during the day, intervals between meals and periods of wakefulness, the duration corresponding to the needs of the body of a child of this age. In addition to its enormous importance for the baby’s health, a correct, strictly followed regime is also important because it fosters discipline and eliminates the basis for a number of clashes between adults and the child.

When establishing a child’s daily routine, it is necessary to take into account his or her existing habits and needs. For example, it is more advisable to feed a baby under the age of one and a half years after sleep, then he will eat better. A well-rested and fed child is cheerful, cheerful and plays well. Having played enough, he will quickly and soundly fall asleep. Thus, the sequence: sleep, feeding, play and sleep again before feeding is the most rational, and should be maintained until the child switches to a one-time daytime nap.

It is possible to maintain such a correct sequence and not violate the regime if the child quickly falls asleep and sleeps for the entire set time, i.e., right up to feeding. If the child does not fall asleep for a long time and falls asleep only when it is time to feed, then, awakened by hunger and not getting enough sleep, he will become capricious while eating and the whole regime will be disrupted.

In order for the child to quickly fall asleep and sleep soundly, you should take him out into the fresh air during sleep and return from a walk to the time of feeding.

A one-year-old child can stay awake for 3 to 3.5 hours at a time. The period of wakefulness lengthens with age, and by the age of one and a half years the child may no longer sleep for 5 hours in a row.

From a year to a year and a half, the child’s routine is approximately the same as at 10 months, i.e.: at 8 o’clock. - breakfast, at 12 - lunch, at 16 o'clock. 30 min. - afternoon tea, 7 p.m. 30 min. - dinner; from 10 o'clock morning until 12 o'clock. day - first daytime nap, from 15 o'clock. until 16 o'clock 30 min. - second. Thus, at this age, children sleep 2 times during the day and eat 4-5 times. Night sleep should begin at 20 o'clock.

Weakened after illness or premature babies should sleep twice during the day until 1 year 8 months.

After a year, the child is usually no longer breastfed. If he turns one year old in the spring or summer, then he should not be weaned until the fall.

Some parents transfer their child to a one-time nap at the age of one, and not from one and a half years. At the same time, the child, although he sleeps once, sleeps for a long time - 3 hours in a row. This mode, of course, is convenient for adults, as it leaves more free time for homework. However, this is harmful for the child, because in this case he usually sleeps during the day from 10-11 o'clock. until 13-14 hours, and night sleep begins at 20-21 hours. Thus, between daytime and night sleep, the child is awake for 6-7 hours, which is tiring for him. In addition, in the evening, all the adults return from work, they talk and play with the baby, he becomes overexcited, and this has a very adverse effect on his nervous system.

When transferring a child to a one-time nap, parents often explain this by saying that the second time he falls asleep poorly and, obviously, a second nap is unnecessary for him. In reality, this is far from the case: it is nervous, excitable children, overloaded with impressions, who especially need a second sleep, who fall asleep poorly. Therefore, in order for them to quickly fall asleep, the necessary conditions should be created.

Doctors note that more often those parents who switched their children to a one-time nap schedule too early come to the consultation with complaints about “whims”, unbalanced behavior, and inexplicable crying of children.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Daily routine for a child from 1 to 1.5 years old

A child up to one and a half years old will be less sick and tired if you choose the right daily routine for him and follow it. This regime is the basis for healthy child rearing. During this age period, the child’s nervous system is very unstable, so he needs to be given as much attention as possible. It is important for parents to know that a one-and-a-half-year-old and three-year-old child should live according to different sleep and activity patterns. During this period, you need to practice three different daily routines. We present the daily routine for a one- to one-and-a-half-year-old child.

The best daily routine

It will be considered optimal if the child’s daily schedule is designed in such a way that it coincides with his natural needs. If the child sleeps during the day at 13.00, then it is best to plan naps during the day at this time. If you suddenly change a child’s habits, his nervous system will suffer, and this daily routine will not bring any benefit. Therefore, the daily routine for a child aged 1-1.5 years should be as gentle as possible. Parents can judge the success of their regime by the child's good mood and good health.

The best daily routine is the one that accustoms the child to order and organizes his leisure time. Then it will be much easier for the child to get used to kindergarten and school.

Regime or freedom?

Each country has its own attitude towards the regime. For example, in Holland children are put to bed at about 7 pm, Indians finish their evening meal only at 10 pm, and in Brazil a child can “feast” with his parents until 1 am. And yet, according to the work of recent years, if the family has a well-established routine and practices early bedtimes, the likelihood that the child will be obedient is much higher.

Research shows that a clear and strict routine does not affect a child's success in school. But it increases the baby’s social adaptability and calmness.

• New arguments in favor of the regime were published in a study by British scientists (Millennium Cohort Study). About 10,000 babies and their mothers took part in the survey, and at each age stage - 3, 5 and 7 years old - the results were similar: children who went to bed late and/or did not follow the schedule were more irritable and often hyperactive, and those who Those who went to bed according to a clear schedule turned out to be much calmer and socially adapted. Moreover, if the regime was absent at 3 years of age, but introduced at a later age, the child’s behavior invariably improved.
• These days, you can often find parents who regularly go out late at night with their younger children. The advantages of this situation are completely obvious: mom and dad do not suffer from isolation and lead a busy life, and children get used to communicating with different people and gain new experiences. In addition, a free schedule allows you to adapt to the individual characteristics of the child: some need more time to sleep, others less.
• No matter how free-thinking the idea of ​​a free schedule may seem to strict parents, in fact, almost all children develop their own specific schedule already in the first weeks of life. Parents with a free-roam philosophy simply follow their baby's natural biorhythms rather than setting a strict sleep and meal schedule. In this case, adults learn to be attentive to the child’s needs, catching changes in his mood and well-being in time and responding to them.
• There is no official sleep standard; you can easily determine it for your child yourself if you allow him to sleep in the morning and afternoon as much as he wants. Many doctors claim that this norm for a child from one to 4 years old is on average 12–14 hours a day, although, of course, much depends on the individual characteristics of a particular child.

In the case of a strict regime, the problem is that sooner or later every second or third child living according to such a schedule decides to rebel. This is real statistics cited by Western sleep experts.

If you don't follow a daily routine

If parents are illogical in observing the children’s daily routine, then they force the child to follow it, then they let everything take its course, this negatively affects the baby’s nervous system. He may have the following health problems.

• Moodiness, irritability, nervousness
• Fast fatiguability
• Changes in activity and rest
• Mood swings
• Lack of sleep, poor sleep
• Poor appetite
• Insufficient assimilation of information
• Reluctance to clean up after yourself or help your mother

Guidelines when choosing a mode “for yourself”

A strict regime does not contribute to the development of a child in complete harmony with himself and the outside world.

A free schedule, on the contrary, is psychologically comfortable for the baby. Of course, in some situations it may be necessary to wake up your baby at a certain time. A good solution in this case would be to wake up in the REM sleep phase (active eye movements, body twitching, forced breathing). From the deep sleep phase (even breathing, no movement), the child will emerge dissatisfied, nervous and capricious. If it is difficult to put the baby to bed in the evening, parents need to make sure that by the desired bedtime he is tired from an evening walk with active games.

The individual characteristics of the baby, his biorhythms, character, temperament, as well as the needs and capabilities of the parents - at the intersection of these initial data, a reasonable compromise must be sought.

Without going to the extremes of a strict regime and a “no regime” regime, let’s talk about the advantages of a clear daily routine, because they still exist.

It has been noticed that a child who has a thoughtful, correctly drawn up daily routine:

• Cheerful and active;
• Balanced and in a good mood;
• Perceives and assimilates information better;
• Open to learning new skills;
• Socially active and friendly towards others.

An important argument in favor of the regime is the following observation: if a child adheres to a routine daily routine from an early age, it is later easier for him to adapt to the regime adopted in kindergarten and school.

Experts say that in the first years of life a baby is very sensitive to even small deviations from the established schedule. With a lack of sleep or increased physical and mental stress, his mood and behavior change. As the cerebral cortex matures and its functions improve, the child’s ability to adapt increases, but this does not mean that the daily routine can be canceled.

Maintaining a well-established daily routine at home helps the baby adapt to constantly changing environmental conditions more safely, calmly and without overwork.

If you decide to stick to the regime, when creating your daily routine, remember:

• The schedule should be flexible, reasonable and as focused as possible on the interests and needs of your child;
• The upper and lower limits of periods of wakefulness should be determined not by norms, but by the characteristics of your child’s particular nervous system, including its flexibility and performance;
• Sleep should be distributed throughout the day so that the baby’s nervous system receives complete rest;
• The periods of sleep, wakefulness, feeding, games and walks are established in such a sequence that they do not contradict each other, but, on the contrary, flow harmoniously into one another.

Age characteristics of a child 1-1.5 years old

When a child turns one year old, he begins to develop more rapidly than before. And at the same time, a child at this age still has many inconsistencies. Physically, the child is not yet able to withstand the whole day without sleep; he gets tired quickly. At the same time, the child loves to run and jump a lot and actively, however, he gets tired very soon and needs rest. The child’s coordination of movements is still insufficient, despite the fact that he wants to play for a long time and a lot.

A child at this age can fulfill an adult’s request to bring or serve something, and his active vocabulary begins to quickly expand. A child at this age throws away the pacifier and begins to eat with a spoon. True, it sheds a lot at the same time.

Choosing your approach to the regime

Both a free sleep mode and a clearly established one have their pros and cons. Each parent decides for himself what is best for him and his child. How to choose the mode that is optimal for you?

• Strict regime. The child sleeps, eats, plays and walks at strictly defined times. Thanks to such predictability, internal discipline is developed and the habit of time planning is formed. Not to mention the fact that it is much more convenient for parents, especially in the first, most difficult years of a child’s life. However, a strict regime does not take into account the individual characteristics of the child and does not always correspond to his biorhythms. In addition, in this case, deviations from the daily routine negatively affect the baby’s mood and well-being. At the psychological level, a strict regime suppresses the will and desires of the child, which is not very conducive to the formation of personal independence. Free regime. This regime develops as a result of observations of the child, his characteristics and needs. Since the baby already in the first months of life shows a preference for a certain time of waking up and falling asleep, the diet, walks and games are formed on the basis of this key indicator. Thus, parents select the optimal time for sleep, feeding and walking in accordance with the child’s biorhythms, and the daily routine, one way or another, is quite orderly.

The only difference from a strict regime in this case is that the daily routine is not built on the basis of average standards proposed by specialists, but based on the individual needs of a particular baby.

The child is formed as a self-sufficient, independent person who understands that his interests are respected, which means he has value in himself, and not through obedience. The baby grows up in a comfortable environment where his physical and psychological needs are not left unattended.

Such a schedule may cause some inconvenience for parents and other family members involved in caring for the child, and also does not facilitate smooth adaptation to kindergarten with a more strict daily routine.

Sleep of a child 1-1.5 years old

Daytime naps should be scheduled twice in the schedule of a child of this age. The first time the child should sleep from two to 2.5 hours, and the second time - up to two hours.

In order for the child to fall asleep normally, you need to stop active games half an hour before. It is ideal if the child takes a walk with his mother in the fresh air an hour before bedtime. This way his nervous system will calm down, blood flow will be activated, and the blood will be more saturated with oxygen. It is very important that every day the sleep schedule, as well as other activities of the child, is planned at the same time. This way the child will develop habits and conditioned reflexes that will allow him to follow the schedule in the future and not disrupt his sleep and activity patterns.

When you teach your child to go to bed at the same time, you need to wake him up at the same time. True, it is permissible to “overstay” the baby for 15 minutes or wake him up a quarter of an hour earlier, if this is convenient for the child. After sleep, you need to start teaching your child to dress himself, helping him and showing him how to do it. At the same time, you need to show the baby the clothes and name them.

Sleeping in the fresh air is good in summer. In the cold season, before putting a 1-1.5 year old child to bed, you need to thoroughly ventilate the room. But the baby should not sleep in a draft - he will get sick.

The daily routine in the nursery group kindergarten - what needs to be changed and what needs to be left as is

“Russia is a generous soul!” — for some reason, this particular slogan, but with sarcasm, comes to mind when I think about the fact that paid parental leave lasts only 1.5 years out of a total of 3. That is why, in order to somehow survive, many mothers today try to send their children to nurseries, kindergartens and go to work early. Therefore, it is worth studying the daily routine in the kindergarten and nursery group in advance!

We were very lucky with the kindergarten, and this robber in a dress quickly adapted

Unfortunately, fewer and fewer nursery groups are opening in kindergartens in our city, and throughout the country, from year to year, and they are increasingly taking them from the age of 2, and not from 1.5, as before. So if you are lucky and your child has waited his turn in the nursery, you should start preparing for a new stage of life for your baby at least a few weeks before the first day of kindergarten.

In general, my congratulations to the joyful mothers and my wishes for strength!! I myself managed to go to work, and even then not for the whole day, only on the third maternity leave. But we haven’t heard about the nursery; the mother is sitting with her daughter. By the way, I’ll tell you about that treasure trove of parental help in the following articles. By subscribing to updates, you will be the first to know about things that you and I never thought about before...

• How to prepare your baby for kindergarten?
• Standard daily routine in a nursery group.
• Difficult period of adaptation. Useful tips.

How to prepare your baby for kindergarten?

Kindergarten is a new, difficult, but important and interesting stage in the life of children. For a child who has previously only been with his mother all day long, the nursery becomes a colossal stress: his mother is not around, only someone else’s aunt and a bunch of other children. No home bed, no favorite toys, no usual routine. How can you help your child survive this stress?

This is how the child will make it clear to his mother about his attitude towards the idea of ​​leaving him in kindergarten.

It is not clear for whom the greater test is - for the child or the mother - seeing your child cry and leaving the kindergarten is the height of the resilience of the mother’s psyche.

To begin with, try to at least accustom him in advance to the new regime in which he will have to live in kindergarten. Certainty is important for young children, which is why it is so important to have a clearly structured schedule, and it is also more convenient for the mother. Children are not yet oriented in time; they do not understand what it means in an hour, tomorrow or in a week. But children get used to the fact that after breakfast there will be a walk, and after bathing there will be a nap.

By the way, for the mother herself it is extremely convenient and useful to properly distribute her time. Someone will say:

“my child does not sleep during the day”,

"we are used to getting up late"

“we only swim in the morning”

and in general

“I don’t have time to do anything, let them suffer with him in kindergarten!!!”

True, true, I have heard such statements.

Let me return to the children - so that the transition from the usual daily routine to the standard kindergarten one does not become a shock for the child, try to gradually switch to the new routine at home, in a familiar environment. Then it will be easier for the child to wake up on time so as not to be late for kindergarten, go to bed at the same time every day, go for a walk, etc.

for some reason the children don’t obey at home, but in kindergarten they behave quite well

During walks, be sure to be with your child on the playgrounds, so that he not only gets used to a large number of other children next to him, but also slowly learns to communicate with them.

If possible, slowly teach your child to calmly stay with one of the close adults when mom is not around. This could be dad, grandma, aunt, nanny. For children who are inseparable from their mother, visiting kindergarten becomes much more stressful than for those who previously calmly tolerated the absence of their mother for several hours.

A big plus will be the child's ability to go to the potty. Of course, this is usually not one of the mandatory requirements when admitting a baby to a nursery group, and he may well be potty trained right there, in the nursery. But, believe me, if your child makes friends with the potty at home, it will be easier for him and you will be calmer.

And, of course, it’s worth teaching your child to clean up his toys. This skill will also be very useful for him to better adapt to the rules of kindergarten. And this problem is very common among kindergarteners - often it is precisely because of the strict requirement for order that children do not like kindergarten(.

I would also like to offer you a video of the favorite national pediatrician E.O. Komarovsky. Surely you have already heard about it!

Standard daily routine in a nursery group.

A little higher, I advised you to instill in your child in advance the new daily routine that awaits him in kindergarten. What does he look like? Visually, it may seem quite rigid, however, in kindergarten, in the process of related and subsequent actions and under the guidance of specialists, the daily routine is playful!

So, you need to bring your child to the group before 8 am. Each kindergarten has its own rules: somewhere after 7:15 they no longer accept children, somewhere at 7:45 you can still drop them off. But at 8 am there is usually morning exercise, after which the children sit down to have breakfast. But did we usually arrive later than 8 o’clock ?

From approximately 8:40 to 9:10 children have free time, and at 9:10-9:20 and 9:20-9:30 various general education classes are held, including rhythm, music, physical education, and game-based learning of the basics of mathematics , drawing or other creative activities.

At 9:30 the teacher takes the kids out for a morning walk. Not all nurseries offer outside time in their nursery group, so there may well be group play time instead.

11:30-12:00 – lunch, then quiet time. 15:00 – 15:30 – awakening from daytime sleep, hygiene procedures (including pottying), warm-up. 15:30 – light afternoon snack, after which free time for group games. 16:45 – dinner. 17:15 – evening walk.

You can also draw something similar at home

Difficult period of adaptation. Useful tips.

Adaptation to kindergarten is a lot of stress for any child, so you can’t leave your baby there all day at once. The process of getting used to kindergarten should be smooth. Usually, babies are taken to the nursery first for just 2 hours, in the morning. Gradually, the time spent in the group increases until lunch, then until waking up after a nap, and then you can leave the child for the whole day.

But how long it will take for the child to finally adapt to kindergarten depends not only on the child himself and his parents, but also on the situation in the kindergarten and the family as a whole. Some people get used to it more easily and after a week they stop crying when mom or dad leaves them in the garden. For other children, the adaptation process may take several months.

To make it easier for your child to adapt to changes in his life, he will need your help . He shouldn't have any fear that you're leaving him! Explain to your baby, leaving him in the nursery in the morning, that you will soon return for him, that you are not leaving for good, but only to work or to the store, that you love him very much and will miss him!

From experience and that of many mothers, my dears, I understand how difficult it is to watch our children cry; their hearts, as they say, can break. However

long and tearful goodbyes, a nervous mother who is late for work - the key to a difficult adjustment to a child care facility.

At the same time, of course, only the birth mother knows her child better than others!!

Typically, a baby’s adaptation to a nursery takes place in 4 stages:

• The child does not want to tear himself away from his mother. At this stage, it is better, if possible, to send your grandmother or father or another loved one to the garden. As usual, it is with the mother that the child feels all-permissive!

• The child begins to get used to the new environment and agrees to play on his own or with other children.
• The child plays alone more and more often and with great interest and tries to communicate with peers.

I also offer you a whole collection of original tests created by me personally, where you can at your leisure evaluate your ability to master the science of raising children). The collection is available after subscribing to blog news, which guarantees no spam, the subscription button is below the article and on the right, in the banner).

• The last stage of adaptation is when the child begins to calmly remain alone in the group and allows his mother to leave. However, before you actually leave, you need to let your child know when you will come for him: after lunch, after quiet time, or during an evening walk. This will give him some sense of certainty.

Moms, let's share in the comments stories about how you or your friends took your child to kindergarten . Maybe it was your mother who left you in kindergarten, and then you organized strikes?)) I think it will be fun to read about children’s and adults’ struggles for their own right to identify!))

Starting kindergarten is a difficult time in a child’s life. It is only in your power to try to relieve him of this stress as much as possible. Good luck!

I also have good news with a 50% discount! As a teacher, I cannot share the method I found that opened my eyes to the diversity of child development).

How many times should I feed a child aged 1-1.5 years?

Feeding should not be less than four times a day. Approximately 3-4 hours should pass between feedings. After feeding, the baby should take a walk. And then you can get some sleep, and after sleep the baby is fed again. With this daily routine, the child grows and develops well. After sleeping and eating, the child is calm, plays well, is not capricious, his nervous system is calmer than those of those children who do not get enough sleep and are malnourished.

When you spoon feed your baby and teach him to use this device on his own, you can use a little trick. If a child cannot eat from a spoon, you need to put thick food into it first, and then, when everything starts to work out, you can scoop out liquids with a spoon: soup, jelly. There is no need to overexert the child: let him learn just a little, 3-4 spoons are enough, and then dad or mom will feed the baby. At the end of feeding, you can use a bonus for the baby - allow him to finish himself with a spoon when there is very little food left.

Activity of a child 1-1.5 years old throughout the day

As we have already figured out, the baby sleeps for about 4-4.5 hours during the day. The same amount of time is spent on the period of activity. Changing the daily routine, that is, reducing the period of sleep or period of activity, should not be done, because this may have an undesirable effect on the child’s health. The child may suffer from increased fatigue or, conversely, lethargy.

To make the child’s activity more varied throughout the day, it is necessary to include bathing and educational games in the daily routine. Books, bright toys, pyramids, cubes are a very good way to diversify the waking period of a child aged 1-1.5 years.

ABC of the regime

There are rules in all areas of our lives, and they also exist in observing the regime. As we said above, there is a diet for preschoolers, physical activity, sleep, games, and activities.

Diet. If we are talking about proper nutrition, then the regime is most accurately followed in preschool institutions, so it is worth focusing specifically on the organization of nutrition in kindergarten:

• at least 4 times a day;
• a hot meal at least 3 times a day;
• according to daily caloric needs: breakfast 25%, lunch 40%, afternoon snack 15%, dinner 20%;
• according to the daily calorie intake: 5 years – 2000 kcal, 6 years – 2200 kcal, 7 years – 2400 kcal;
• by quantity - you should not give a portion larger than the child usually eats (it is better to add a supplement).

The menu should include meat and dairy products, bread, vegetables and fruits every day.

In terms of time, the mode is built like this:

• breakfast at 8-9 o'clock,
• lunch at 12-13 o'clock,
• afternoon tea at 15-16 hours,
• dinner at 18:30-19:30 hours.

Meal times should be the same on weekdays and weekends.

It is advisable that the last meal be an hour and a half before bedtime.

Mode of physical activity and rest. Every day a child makes many movements, so physical activity means not only physical education, but also active games, sports, movement and relaxation. And here, too, there is a regime that ensures proper physical development.

• The peak of physical activity should occur in the first half of the day.
• Weekly physical activity for children 5-7 years old is 6-8 hours per week, according to SanPiN.
• Morning exercises are required.
• Physical education classes in a preschool institution - 3 times a week: children 5 years old - 25 minutes, children 6-7 years old - 30 minutes.
• Outdoor active games while walking (in bad weather they are replaced by a full set of exercises indoors).
• Physical education minutes between mental activities.
• Exercising after a nap.
• Moderately active games on the second walk.

Moderate physical activity should be observed immediately before breakfast, before mental activities and in the evening before bed.

Sleeping mode. A proper sleep schedule helps restore your baby's mental and physical strength that was spent on the active part of his day. Not only his psycho-emotional state, but also his physical health depends on how a child’s sleep is organized. Healthy sleep means strong immunity. And now, in order.

• Duration of sleep for preschoolers: 5-6 years – 12 hours, 7 years – 10-11 hours. But much is individual - depending on temperament and workload, the required time for sleep may increase.
• Morning awakening should occur at 7:00-8:00, it depends on biorhythms and family habits, but you should not wake up later.
• Daytime sleep in children 5-6 years old lasts 1-1.5 hours. At 7 years old, a baby may refuse to sleep, but active children need about 1 hour of sleep.
• Evening bedtime depends on the presence of additional physical or emotional stress. It is recommended that children aged 5-6 years go to bed at 20:30 - 21:00. At 7 years old it is possible to shift the time of falling asleep by half an hour.

Mode of exercise (mental activity). Both kindergarteners and children who do not attend kindergarten are not deprived of developmental activities in preschool age. But like any other activity, the time and number of classes must be correctly distributed and systematized. In other words, the home regime should not differ much from the regime in preschool institutions. The organization of classes in the general daily routine is as follows:

In the morning after breakfast - two or three multidirectional classes. Duration of classes according to age: 4-5 years – 20-25 minutes per type; 6-7 years – 30-35 minutes.

If the walk is cancelled, you can add another creative activity or educational game.

Bathing and hardening

Before afternoon tea you need to give your child a bath. If not bathing, then rubbing, it is also very useful for hardening. First they wipe the child's arms, then the chest, then the legs, then the back. The water temperature should be no higher than 35 degrees Celsius. To harden a baby under the age of one and a half years, you can gradually reduce the water temperature. Once a week or five days, when bathing and drying, reduce the water temperature by 5 degrees, resulting in a water temperature of 24 degrees. You should not give up hardening - it greatly strengthens the child’s nervous, immune and respiratory systems.

What should you teach a 1-1.5 year old child?

At this age, it is imperative to teach your child to wash his hands, brush his teeth, and use a spoon, napkin, and potty.

Daily routine for a child from 1 to 1.5 years old