What dangers await the baby?
Children can face a variety of dangers on the territory of the kindergarten. Several categories can be distinguished:
- increased morbidity. This is probably the most common danger factor encountered in preschool institutions. It's no secret that kindergarten is a place with a large concentration of children of different ages. And it is quite natural that children have different immunity and susceptibility to diseases. Therefore, it is hardly surprising that in kindergarten a child often “catch” various infections and diseases. This is especially concerning for parents whose children have weakened immune systems;
- injuries, accidents . The causes of injuries can be very different: children can often injure each other in the struggle for toys, push away friends while rushing from a walk to lunch, fall out of the crib during an afternoon nap, or carelessly ride down a slide - there can be a great many sources of injury;
- emergencies. Although such phenomena as fire and earthquakes are infrequent events, and we live in peacetime, we should not forget about the necessary measures to prevent such situations and the principles of ensuring safety during emergencies.
- threat to the child's psychological health . Not all parents think about the fact that their child in kindergarten can be harmed not only physically, but also psychologically. And this is due to several factors: personal characteristics of the staff, manipulation of children, relationships between children, stress when parting with their mother. Parents need to monitor the psychological state of the child, and when a child categorically refuses to go to kindergarten, they should carefully understand the reasons.
Factors for ensuring safety in kindergarten
To protect children from various dangers, thereby keeping babies healthy and parents happy, a preschool must ensure that many safety factors are observed.
One of the most important factors is the safety of children's health . In order to prevent various colds and infectious diseases, the garden premises must be maintained at an appropriate temperature, as well as the level of lighting and ventilation. Also, in places where children are located, there must be no drafts.
Regular medical examination of facility staff is mandatory to exclude infectious diseases. An educational institution must have a nurse on staff who constantly monitors the health and condition of children and is responsible for calling an ambulance, if necessary. Periodic examinations of young pupils in professional medical institutions are also mandatory.
It is important to monitor the sanitary condition of the preschool educational institution, and, most importantly, the kitchen and children’s food. For children who are prone to allergic reactions to certain foods, it is necessary to develop an individual menu. In this case, greater responsibility falls on the parents. You cannot remain silent about allergenic products, as information about them may not be in the child’s medical record.
It is mandatory to carry out daily cleaning and periodic disinfection in the kindergarten premises, and all participants in the educational process must strictly respect the rules of personal hygiene.
Among the key safety factors is the physical safety of children. To ensure this, a set of conditions must be created in the kindergarten to ensure the protection of the life and health of children. The threat can be caused not only by external (criminal, terrorist acts, insane actions of adults), but also internal (inadequate technical condition of the building and structures on its territory) factors.
In order to avoid accidents, the technical condition of the premises and adjacent buildings must be subject to mandatory regular monitoring. In addition, each kindergarten employee must have instructions on how to interact with the main security services. At the same time, a mechanism for interaction with such organizations must not only be developed, but also tested in practice in educational settings. The best way to train behavior skills in emergency situations is to periodically (at least twice a year) conduct training evacuations from the premises and territory of the preschool educational institution.
To avoid the kidnapping of children from the kindergarten, children can only be given to their mothers and fathers, and when other people come to the kindergarten, written permission from the parents is required.
Instructions on the rules of safe behavior for pupils of a preschool educational institution (kindergarten)
Kindergarten teachers need to study with their students instructions on the rules of safe behavior for preschool children in everyday life, public transport, when finding unfamiliar and dangerous objects, when communicating with strangers, on the street and in public places. Also, it is very important to explain to students the rules of behavior on water, on ice, with fire, during a thunderstorm and in the forest.
download: Documentation on Fire Safety in Preschool Educational Institutions 38 documents taking into account laws as of September 8, 2022!
32. Instructions on the safety rules for children at home (at home and in the yard) 33. Instructions on the rules for the safe behavior of children on the road 34. Instructions on the safety rules for children in public transport 35. Instructions on the safety rules for children at railway transport facilities 36. Instructions on rules for the safety of pupils at water transport facilities 37. Instructions for the safety rules for pupils when explosive objects and substances are detected 38. Instructions for the safety rules for pupils with strangers (in situations of violent behavior by adults) 39. Instructions for the prevention of criminal situations in the yard, on the street, at home and in public places 40. Instructions for the prevention of negative situations in public places 41. Instructions for the safety rules for students on ice 42. Instructions for the safety rules for students on the water 43. Instructions for the safety rules for students during thunderstorms and lightning 44. Instructions for the rules safety rules for pupils with fire 45. Instructions for the safety rules for pupils with animals and insects 46. Instructions for the safety rules for pupils with plants and mushrooms 47. Instructions for the safety rules for pupils when taking walks on the site 48. Instructions for the safety rules for pupils when taking walks in icy conditions 49. Instructions on the rules of safe behavior of children when conducting excursions, targeted walks with exit from the territory
download: Instructions for the catering unit (kitchen) Instructions for the catering unit of the School, preschool educational institution, Canteen, Restaurant, Cafe. Update: 09/05/2021
Fire safety in preschool educational institutions
Compliance with fire safety is one of the key points in the system of ensuring the safety conditions of a preschool institution.
Firstly, you should pay close attention to the fire safety of the building: conduct periodic inspections of gas stoves in the kitchen and electrical wiring throughout the building. The premises of the preschool educational institution must be equipped with basic means of fire protection: fire extinguishers, shovels and sand. It is necessary to have a “panic button” in the building, with which you can quickly call the fire brigade or the Ministry of Emergency Situations.
Secondly, you should pay close attention to the objects with which the child plays. After all, the presence of matches or a lighter in the hands of a baby is not necessarily caused by the negligence of the parents - it may be an accidental discovery of a young researcher who will probably want to figure out “how it works.”
What child safety documents should you have?
Orders
Needed to appoint responsible persons who monitor compliance and adoption of measures to comply with sanitary and hygienic standards, requirements, rules in an educational institution.
Rules for safe behavior
Rules are necessary for students and pupils. Their main goal is to convey basic safety requirements.
Instructions for protecting life and health
The instructions are developed primarily for teachers and for those responsible for organizing the educational process.
You may ask how many instructions should there be? Maybe one for all occasions?
It is more convenient to create instructions for different events and for different needs. This way it will be more convenient to introduce only those people who need it under signature.
Download our example instructions for protecting the life and health of pupils on walks and excursions.
You are confusing everything with labor protection!
Did you notice the last document, right? I really want to add the word “labor safety” here, but no. Let's just call a spade a spade. Labor is for workers, education is for children.
Persons responsible for the safety of children
Almost every parent asks the question: who is responsible for the safety of their precious child in a preschool? From the point of view of the structure of the educational institution, the number one responsible person and the one who ensures safety checks on the territory of the preschool educational institution is the director or head of the kindergarten. As the main document of any educational institution states (the Law “On Education”), the head is personally responsible for the safety of each of his students.
Of course, it is impossible for the head of a preschool educational institution to keep track of several dozen children at once, so the group teacher becomes responsible for ensuring the safety of the child in the kindergarten.
The child's parents can also make an invaluable contribution to ensuring the baby's safety. As a rule, this is voluntary financial and material assistance to the kindergarten, aimed at updating outdated elements of playgrounds, desks, cribs and other structures. It is also the task of parents to monitor compliance with safety standards in the garden. All these are important steps to ensure the safety of the children of the preschool institution and, first of all, your beloved baby.
But what about the law?
- UN Convention on the Rights of the Child of November 20, 1989.
- FEDERAL LAW of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ “ON EDUCATION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION” (adopted by the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation on December 21, 2012).
- SanPiN 2.4.1.3049-13 (for kindergartens) - replaced by SP 2.4.3648-20 “Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for organizations of education and training, recreation and health improvement of children and youth.”
- SanPiN 2.4.2.2821-10 (for general education institutions) - replaced by SP 2.4.3648-20 “Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for organizations of education and training, recreation and health improvement of children and youth .
These documents must be followed first.
